. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. Fig. 1.—The Indian-meal moth (Plodia interpunctella): a, Moth; b, pupa; c, larva; /, same, dorsal view; d, head, and e, first abdominal segment of larva. /, Somewhat enlarged; d, e, more enlarged. (After Chittenden.) There are several insects which attack stored cereal prod- ucts. Among the more important are the Indian-meal moth (Plodia interpunctella Hiibn.) (fig. 1), the Mediterranean flour moth (Ephestia Icuehniella Zell.) (fig. 2), the meal snout-moth (Pyralis farinalis L.), the saw-toothed grain beetle (Silvanus
. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. Fig. 1.—The Indian-meal moth (Plodia interpunctella): a, Moth; b, pupa; c, larva; /, same, dorsal view; d, head, and e, first abdominal segment of larva. /, Somewhat enlarged; d, e, more enlarged. (After Chittenden.) There are several insects which attack stored cereal prod- ucts. Among the more important are the Indian-meal moth (Plodia interpunctella Hiibn.) (fig. 1), the Mediterranean flour moth (Ephestia Icuehniella Zell.) (fig. 2), the meal snout-moth (Pyralis farinalis L.), the saw-toothed grain beetle (Silvanus surinamensis L.), the confused flour beetle (Tribolium confusum Duv.) (fig. 3), the granary weevil (Calandra granaria L.), and the rice weevil (Calandra oryza L.). These are the principal insects which are likely to infest packed cereals. There is an errone- ous opinion with some people that the cereals become infested by spontaneous genera- tion. This, however, is impossible; and when any insects are found in packages it is because the eggs, larvae, or adults have gained access to the cereal after it has been sterilized. EXPERIMENTS IN CALIFORNIA. Using the foregoing observations as a basis, the following experi- ments were conducted, the idea being to test the efficiency of a cheap sealed carton. A cereal was sterilized to such an extent that when it was placed in a package the temperature developed was 180° F. The packages themselves were sterilized before being filled, but had there been any. Fig. 2.—The Mediterranean flour moth (Ephestia Icuehniella): a, Moth; 6, same from side, resting; c, larva; d, pupa; e, abdominal segments of larva, a-d, Enlarged; e, more enlarged. (After Chittenden.). Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original United States. Dept. of Agriculture. [Washington, D. C. ?] :
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