Modern diagnosis and treatment of diseases of childern; a treatise on the medical and surgical diseases of infancy anf childhood . fests thehuman body either through the mouth (by swallowing of infectedwater or food), and through the skin, especially the skin of thefeet (the larva? of the worm gradually entering the circulation),and ultimately settles in the upper portions of the small intestines. The hookworm comprises two species: Ankylostomum duo- mum.°Sdenalc (old-world species), which is endemic, especially in Italyand Egypt, and Uncinaria Americana or Necator Americanus (the uncinaria. 2
Modern diagnosis and treatment of diseases of childern; a treatise on the medical and surgical diseases of infancy anf childhood . fests thehuman body either through the mouth (by swallowing of infectedwater or food), and through the skin, especially the skin of thefeet (the larva? of the worm gradually entering the circulation),and ultimately settles in the upper portions of the small intestines. The hookworm comprises two species: Ankylostomum duo- mum.°Sdenalc (old-world species), which is endemic, especially in Italyand Egypt, and Uncinaria Americana or Necator Americanus (the uncinaria. 228 DISEASES OF ALIMENTARY TRACT. new-workl species). Both species measure from about % to-•; inch in length (the females somewhat larger than the males),but while ankylostomum carries on its head four hook-like teethon the ventral side and two smaller vertical teeth on the dorsalside, the uncinaria has a dorsal pair of prominent semilunarplates or lips, and a ventral pair of smaller plates of similarnature. By means of its armed mouth the worm fixes itself to theintestinal mucosa, producing minute erosions and hemorrhagic. Fig. 61.—Ankylostomum Duodenale. a, Male, b, Femal</, Natural size. (After Leuckart.) c, Head. Changes in the blood resembling pernicious anemia. spots, and sooner or later a more or less severe catarrhal processin the alimentary tract. It is still a matter of diversity of opinion,whether the uncinaria feeds on the epithelial cells of the mucosaor upon blood. However this may be, the blood certainly under-goes marked changes, in severe cases, resembling the bloodfindings of primary pernicious anemia. Very soon other organsof the body are affected, especially the liver and spleen. Post-mortem examination usually reveals fatty degenerationof the liver; softening of the spleen and paucity in lymphoid INTESTINAL PARASITES. 229 elements; nephritic changes in the kidneys; pallor of the lungs; Post~flabbiness of the heart, and anemia of the brain and effusio
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectchildren, bookyear191
