. The book of photography; practical, theoretical and applied. ening the lid, and covering the headand the top of the box with a blackcloth to exclude extraneous light, therepresentation of the candle-flame, or gas-flame, would be plainly seen upside may be better understood by refer-ence to Fig. 6. The rays of light, it willbe seen, proceed in straight lines from all INTRODUCTORY AND ELEMENTARY. 11 parts of the object, and, those which travelin the direction of the hole as shown, meetand cross each other, so that the continua-tion of their course, on the other sideof the aperture, r
. The book of photography; practical, theoretical and applied. ening the lid, and covering the headand the top of the box with a blackcloth to exclude extraneous light, therepresentation of the candle-flame, or gas-flame, would be plainly seen upside may be better understood by refer-ence to Fig. 6. The rays of light, it willbe seen, proceed in straight lines from all INTRODUCTORY AND ELEMENTARY. 11 parts of the object, and, those which travelin the direction of the hole as shown, meetand cross each other, so that the continua-tion of their course, on the other sideof the aperture, results in the formationof a reversed image, when the rays reacha surface capable of reflecting them. Hereare all the elements which go to the making admit enough light; the image conse-quently is very faint, and requires con-siderable time to impress itself on thesensitive plate. This difficulty is removedby the employment of a lens, a piece ofground optical glass, or combination ofglasses, having the surfaces curved tosuch a shape that rays of light passing. Fig. 7—Kays op Light Passing Theodgh Two Pinholes. of the simplest form of camera: a light-tight box in which the plate may be ex-posed, and an aperture through which maypass the rays of light which form an imageor picture on the sensitive surface. At thepresent time pinhole photography, as itis called, is practised by some amateurs,more especially by those who desire to through them are refracted, or bent aside,and caused to come together again insidethe camera, forming an image or picturesimilar to that made by the tiny hole,but having the great advantage of beingsharper and clearer, and, owing to thelarger size of the lens opening, muchbetter illuminated. To make this clearer,,
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