. Urinary analysis and diagnosis by microscopical and chemical examination. generalconstitution of the patient, which, as previously explained, can be posi-tively recognized by the appearance of the pus-corpuscles, need hardlybe mentioned again. A careful examination of all the pus-corpusclespresent in a given case will invariably show how much the constitutionhas been impaired by disease; the paler the pus-corpuscles the more un-favorable the prognosis, and, therefore, the worse the constitution of thepatient at the time of examination. 1. Hyaline Casts (see Fig. 65).—Hyaline casts are pale,
. Urinary analysis and diagnosis by microscopical and chemical examination. generalconstitution of the patient, which, as previously explained, can be posi-tively recognized by the appearance of the pus-corpuscles, need hardlybe mentioned again. A careful examination of all the pus-corpusclespresent in a given case will invariably show how much the constitutionhas been impaired by disease; the paler the pus-corpuscles the more un-favorable the prognosis, and, therefore, the worse the constitution of thepatient at the time of examination. 1. Hyaline Casts (see Fig. 65).—Hyaline casts are pale, transparentformations of variable length, sometimes of considerable size, and not in- TUBULAR CASTS. 135 frequently difficult of detection in the urine. Those from the convolutedand straight collecting tubules are usually more or less regular, though thelatter may be very broad; those from the narrow tubules are occasionallytortuous or spiral, and at times exceedingly narrow and delicate. As arule, these casts are absolutely structureless, but at times a pale granula-. Ftg. 65.—Hyaline Casts (X 500). Upper row, from convoluted tubules; middle row, from narrow tubules; lowest row, from straight collecting tubules. tion is noticeable in them, though this is not sufficiently marked to allowof their classification as granular casts. Different formations, such as pus-corpuscles and fat-globules, may be seen upon them in small numbers,but are accidental and do not change the diagnosis. In rare cases thesecasts may appear more solid and of higher refraction, though their hya- 136 URINARY ANALYSIS AND DIAGNOSIS. line character is undoubted, and they must not be mistaken for waxycasts. When very delicate and pale, it has been advised to color the casts bythe addition of a drop of iodine-iodide of potash solution (iodine, 1 part;iodide of potash, 2 parts; water, 300 parts) upon the slide, which willstain them yellow and render them more distinct. This is rarely neces-
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjecturine, bookyear1906
