. The biology of death; being a series of lectures delivered at the Lowell Institute in Boston in December 1920. Death (Biology); Death. 202 BIOLOGY OF DEATH environmental conditions, than do normal non-sterile— indeed germ-laden—flies. This result is of great inter- est and significance. It emphasizes in a direct experi- mental manner that in a broad biological sense bacteria play but an essentially accidental role in determining length of the span of life in comparison with the influence of heredity. POVERTY AND DURATION OF LIFE But we must take care lest we seem to convey the impression tha


. The biology of death; being a series of lectures delivered at the Lowell Institute in Boston in December 1920. Death (Biology); Death. 202 BIOLOGY OF DEATH environmental conditions, than do normal non-sterile— indeed germ-laden—flies. This result is of great inter- est and significance. It emphasizes in a direct experi- mental manner that in a broad biological sense bacteria play but an essentially accidental role in determining length of the span of life in comparison with the influence of heredity. POVERTY AND DURATION OF LIFE But we must take care lest we seem to convey the impression that no sort of environmental influence can affect the average duration of life. Such a conclusion would be manifestly absurd. Common sense tells us PERSONAL PROPERTY TAX IN PARIS 1911 -1913 I 1 PAYING H i % 90 - 60 70 60 50 AO 30 ZO 10 O. 8 16 9 I 17 6 10 2 3 5 4 1Z 14 15 18 II 13 19 ZO ARRONDISSLMENTS i n in N CLASSES OF PARS FIG. 50.—Distribution of poverty in Paris (1911-13) as indicated by exemption from personal property tax. (After Hersch). that environmental conditions in general can, and under some circumstances, do exert a marked influence upon expectation of life. A recent study of great interest and suggestiveness, if perhaps some lack of critical sound- ness, by the eminent Swiss statistician, Hersch, may be cited in this connection. Hersch became interested in the relation of poverty to mortality. He gathered. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Pearl, Raymond, 1879-1940. Philadelphia, London, J. B. Lippincott Company


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