. Botany for young people and common schools. How plants grow, a simple introduction to structural botany. With a popular flora, or an arrangement and description of common plants, both wild and cultivated. Botany. 24 HOW PLANTS GROW YEAR AFTER of the preceding one. There are old trees even, which consist of a simple, un- branched stem. Palm-trees, such as our Southern Palmetto (Fig. 79) are of thia kind. But more commonly, as stems grow they multiply them- selves by forming 53. Brandies, or side-shoots. These are formed both by roots and by stems. Poots generally branch much sooner tha
. Botany for young people and common schools. How plants grow, a simple introduction to structural botany. With a popular flora, or an arrangement and description of common plants, both wild and cultivated. Botany. 24 HOW PLANTS GROW YEAR AFTER of the preceding one. There are old trees even, which consist of a simple, un- branched stem. Palm-trees, such as our Southern Palmetto (Fig. 79) are of thia kind. But more commonly, as stems grow they multiply them- selves by forming 53. Brandies, or side-shoots. These are formed both by roots and by stems. Poots generally branch much sooner than stems do. See Fig. 4, 20, 30, &c. 54. Roots send off their branches from any part of the main root, or start from any part of a stem lying on or in the soil; and they have no particular arrangement. bb. But the branches of stems spring only from particular places, and are arranged on a regular plan. They arise from the Axil of a leaf and nowhere else, except in some few pe- culiar cases. The axil (from a Latin Avord meaning the armpit) of a leaf is the hollow or angle, on the upper side, where the leaf is attached to the stem. As branches come only from the axils of leaves, and as leaves have a perfectly regular and uniform arrangement in each particular })lant, the places where branches will appear are fixed beforehand by the places of the leaves, and they must follow their arrangement. In the axils, commonly one in each, branches first appear in the form of bQ. Buds. A Bud is an undeveloped stem or branch. If large enough to have its parts distinguishable, these are seen- to be undeveloped or forming leaves; and large buds which are to stand over winter ai'e generally covered with protect- ing scales, — a kind of dry, diminished leaves. 57. Terminal Bud. So the plumule or first shoot of the embryo (see Fig. 22, &c.) is a bud. But this first bud makes the main stem, and its growth, week after week, or year after year, carries on the main stem. Palms (as Fig. 79) gr
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