. Electric railway journal . hesavings, the principal factor being the elimination oftwo operators: Manual Automatic Operating labor $1, $ Supplies and expenses Maintenance substation and transformer equipment $1, $ Saving $1, Automatic substation off line seven hours a day more than themanually-operated station. 40 kw. assumed as no-load loss for two 300-kw. X 7 X 365 = 102,200 yearly energy ,200 X $0,006 = $ saving in energy cost.$ + $1, = $1,* yearly saving. •This does not take int
. Electric railway journal . hesavings, the principal factor being the elimination oftwo operators: Manual Automatic Operating labor $1, $ Supplies and expenses Maintenance substation and transformer equipment $1, $ Saving $1, Automatic substation off line seven hours a day more than themanually-operated station. 40 kw. assumed as no-load loss for two 300-kw. X 7 X 365 = 102,200 yearly energy ,200 X $0,006 = $ saving in energy cost.$ + $1, = $1,* yearly saving. •This does not take into account the energy saving due to elim-ination of the iron and copper transformer losses which are alsooff the line seven hours a day additional to what they would bewith manual operation. Nor does it include the energy saving inline losses during this additional seven hours of no energy flowover the high-tension line. In the first item under operating expenses the $240charged against the automatic substation for labor is. AUTOMATIC SUBSTATION—FIG. 7—REVERSE-CURRENT RELAYAND BEARING THERMOSTAT ON SECOND MACHINE made up from a small part of the time of a man whohandles the express and baggage for the company andany line trouble occurring in the vicinity of East is also available for any trouble which may occur inthe substation. The third item covering maintenanceof the substation and transformer equipment is higherfor the automatic station than for the manual opera-tion, since the equipment for lighting and commercialenergy in this substation must be inspected and caredfor by a traveling inspector, whereas under manualoperation this was taken care of by the station operatorbut the cost is kept in a separate account. The Boston Elevated Railway is mentioned in theannual report of Franklin Union as one of the com-panies having very large numbers of students at thisyoung and vigorous industrial educational report shows that Franklin Union has complete
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