The Dental cosmos . ansion be supported with aclasp-metal bow Xo. 16 or 14 soldered tothe lingual face of the six-band labialretainer as shown in Fig. 3, the forcesof occlusion in connection with the regu-lar upper labial retainer shown in Fig. 8will usually be sufficient to hold botharches in position. With certain occlusions it may befound expedient to attach the lingualbow to the upper arch instead of to thelower, and in some instances to both. Thelength of the arms and the size of thewire for the lingual bow will be governedby the demands of the case. If the distalarea has been much expand
The Dental cosmos . ansion be supported with aclasp-metal bow Xo. 16 or 14 soldered tothe lingual face of the six-band labialretainer as shown in Fig. 3, the forcesof occlusion in connection with the regu-lar upper labial retainer shown in Fig. 8will usually be sufficient to hold botharches in position. With certain occlusions it may befound expedient to attach the lingualbow to the upper arch instead of to thelower, and in some instances to both. Thelength of the arms and the size of thewire for the lingual bow will be governedby the demands of the case. If the distalarea has been much expanded, with a de-mand that the arms extend to the molars, CASE. SUPPLEMENTARY RETAINING FORCES, ETC. 25 they should be supported by thin lingualtubes soldered to No. 36 gold molarbands, and with every precaution in fin-ish, for cleanliness and non-irritability. RETENTION OF RETRUSION MOVEMENTS. When all of the upper or lower labialteeth have been retruded to reduce de-cided protrusions and to close spaces occa- Fig. sioned by the extraction of bicuspids, thelabial retainer should carry thin No. 19tubes soldered to the linguo-distal bor-ders of the canine bands as shown in , for the purpose of attaching the ap-pliance to the molars, either at the startor upon the first indication of a returnmovement. The traction bars are ofeither No. 19 or 20 German silver,provided with distal nuts, as shown inthe drawing, or preferably with me-sial and distal nuts, to firmly lockthem in the lingual tubes attached togold molar bands. This will enable oneto keep all interproximal spaces closed,and if at this time the occlusion be per-fected, it will be found sufficient. Inmany cases in which the age of the pa-tient and the position of the teeth, permanence of retention, the lin-gual bars and molar bands an1 no1 at firstattached, though the lingual canine tubesin these cases should always be placed inthe construction, to be employed if foundnecessary. These tubes being small amil
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