. Manual of gardening; a practical guide to the making of home grounds and the growing of flowers, fruits, and vegetables for home use. Gardening. 162. Bridge-grafting or in- arching from saplings planted about the "It has been found that there is a tendency for portland ce- ment to contract from the wood after it dries, leaving a space between the wood and the cement through which water and germs of decay may enter. A remedy for this defect has been suggested in the use of a thick coat of tar, or an elastic cement which might be spread over the surface of the cavity before filling
. Manual of gardening; a practical guide to the making of home grounds and the growing of flowers, fruits, and vegetables for home use. Gardening. 162. Bridge-grafting or in- arching from saplings planted about the "It has been found that there is a tendency for portland ce- ment to contract from the wood after it dries, leaving a space between the wood and the cement through which water and germs of decay may enter. A remedy for this defect has been suggested in the use of a thick coat of tar, or an elastic cement which might be spread over the surface of the cavity before filling. The cracking of port- land cement on the surface of long cavities is caused by the sway- ing of trees during heavy storms, and should not occur if the filling is correctly done. "In addition to the preservation of decayed specimens by filling the cavities, as above out- lined, it has been proposed to strengthen the tree by treating it as shown in Fig. 162. Young saplings of the same species, after having be- come established as shown, are grafted by ap- proach to the mature specimen. "Injury frequently results from error in the method of attempting to save broken, or to strengthen and support weak branches that are otherwise healthy. The means used for supporting cracked, wind-racked, and over- laden branches which show a tendency to split at the forks are bolting and chaining. The practice of placing iron bands around large branches in order to protect them has resulted in much harm; as the tree grows and expands, such bands tighten, causing the bark to be broken and resulting after a few years in a partial girdling (Fig. 163). 163. Faulty meth- ods of bracing a crotched tree. The lower meth- od is wholly wrong. The up- per method is good if the bolt- heads are prop- erly counter- sunk and the bolts tightly fitted; but if the distance be- tween the branches is great, it is bet- ter to have two bolts and join them by hooks, to allow of wind Please note t
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