. Bulletin. Insects; Insect pests; Entomology; Insects; Insect pests; Entomology. DESCRIPTION AND SEASONAL HISTORY. 17 the end of April; at Acicastello in 1910 they appeared during the first part of the second half of April. The maximum birth at Portici in 1909 took place toward the end of the second decade of May and the last adults were hatched near the end of May. At Acicastello the maximum birth took place in the first decade of May and the last were hatched during the second decade of the same month. The females do not, however, always confine themselves to alfalfa stems in ovipositing. O
. Bulletin. Insects; Insect pests; Entomology; Insects; Insect pests; Entomology. DESCRIPTION AND SEASONAL HISTORY. 17 the end of April; at Acicastello in 1910 they appeared during the first part of the second half of April. The maximum birth at Portici in 1909 took place toward the end of the second decade of May and the last adults were hatched near the end of May. At Acicastello the maximum birth took place in the first decade of May and the last were hatched during the second decade of the same month. The females do not, however, always confine themselves to alfalfa stems in ovipositing. On April 18, 1911, Mr. T. H. Parks found,eggs of Phytonomus in punctures similar to those made in alfalfa in the stems of the ground plum, Astragalus arietinus. Later Mr. C. N. Ainslie found a number of these eggs in similar punctures, also in the stems of this plant, there being usually six or eight eggs in each puncture. Afterwards Mr. Ainslie found larvae feeding on Astragalus utahensis. A few days before, Mr. Parks had also found eggs deposited on the surface of leaves, on bits of trash, on the inside of a split stem of grass, and, in one case, upon the bare ground. In a very early spring some of the eggs may be deposited outside of the plant, but evidently this is not usual and occurs mostly when the growing steins of alfalfa are too small or not suffi- ciently numerous to satisfy the requirements of the females in this direction. In preparing for Eggs. Greatly enlarged. egg deposition the female punctures the stem (Author's illustration.) with her beak. The punctured stems and a group of these eggs in place are shown in figure 4. The method of oviposition has been described by Mr. Observations were made by Mr. C; N. Ainslie in which he found that oviposition seemed to be accomplished by forcing the beak into the fleshy tissues of the stem, sometimes into a hollow stem, in which case the eggs are merely placed in the natural cavity. Where placed in a leaf petiole, a
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