. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture -- United States. COST OF PRODIT^TTOX OP APPLES, PAYETTE VALLEY, IDAHO. 5 In 1881 the first irrigation ])rojoct was started. (See PL II.) Prior to tliis time the farming industry was confined largely to raising horses and cattle and growing gi-ain for home consumption. Tlie history of the orchard industry in the Payette region dates from the early eighties, but it was not until about 1895 that commer- cial plantings of prunes and apples were made. Most of the planting has been done since 1900. Dm-ing the last four or fi
. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture -- United States. COST OF PRODIT^TTOX OP APPLES, PAYETTE VALLEY, IDAHO. 5 In 1881 the first irrigation ])rojoct was started. (See PL II.) Prior to tliis time the farming industry was confined largely to raising horses and cattle and growing gi-ain for home consumption. Tlie history of the orchard industry in the Payette region dates from the early eighties, but it was not until about 1895 that commer- cial plantings of prunes and apples were made. Most of the planting has been done since 1900. Dm-ing the last four or five years the })lanting of apples has fallen off, but jirunes still are being planted in commercial quantities. Tlie early orchards were largely home orchards and were made up of many varieties, including Wolf River, Lawver, Ben Davis, Baldwin, and many other old varieties. The later orchards are made up largely of Jonathan and Winesap, which are the principal com- mercial varieties of the valley to-day. Mining towns, such as Butte. Fig. 3.—A small ranch near Fruitland showing the type of diversified farming practiced. and Anaconda, together with the smaller settlements located nearer Payette, offered the best markets for the products of the valley in early years, but with a growth of the industry more distant markets were sought. Many of the owners of the older bearing orchards are those who bought the land at comparatively low prices and developed it them- selves. Homesteads could have been taken up in the valley as late as 1895. Much of the younger acreage of apples and a few of the older tracts are held by a class of newcomers who have settled in ' the valley during the last few years. Omng to frosts and occasional years of poor prices, many growers have been disappointed some- what in the apple industry. Taking into consideration the agri- cultural experience of the region, it would seem that specialized fruit growdng does not promise to become relatively as important as
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