. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. BULLETIN No. 993 I of "s jaigr Contribution from the Bureau of Chemistry lS\&r&Slm W. G. CAMPBELL, Acting Chief. Washington, D. C. October 15, 1921 THE COMPOSITION OF CALIFORNIA LEMONS. By E. M. Chace, Chemist in charge, and C. P. Wilson and C. G. Church, Assistant Chemists, Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable CONTENTS. The California lemon industry 1 Purpose of investigation 2 Investigational work 2 Method of sampling 2 Methods of analysis 3 Results of investigation 3 Discussion of results 12 Di
. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. BULLETIN No. 993 I of "s jaigr Contribution from the Bureau of Chemistry lS\&r&Slm W. G. CAMPBELL, Acting Chief. Washington, D. C. October 15, 1921 THE COMPOSITION OF CALIFORNIA LEMONS. By E. M. Chace, Chemist in charge, and C. P. Wilson and C. G. Church, Assistant Chemists, Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable CONTENTS. The California lemon industry 1 Purpose of investigation 2 Investigational work 2 Method of sampling 2 Methods of analysis 3 Results of investigation 3 Discussion of results 12 Differences in varieties 12 Seasonal differences 14 Color and thickness of peel 17 Effect of location 17 Conclusions 18 Bibliography 18 THE CALIFORNIA LEMON INDUSTRY. Beginning in 1887 with the shipment of 12 cars of fruit, the Cali- fornia lemon industry has increased a thousandfold, the 1919-20 shipment being approximately 12,000 cars. The California growers have generally settled upon the Eureka and Lisbon varieties as the most satisfactory in that State, and, although there are scattered or- chards of other varieties, the new plantings are confined to these two. According to A. D. Shamel (l),2 the Eureka variety originated in 1858 in Los Angeles, through the planting of seeds obtained from Sicilian lemons. These seedlings bore about 12 years later, at which time several were selected as worthy of propagation. Buds from these trees are responsible for the present Eureka variety of lemon. The Lisbon variety was imported directly from Australia in 1874 (2). While some plantings now in existence can be traced to the original shipment, later importations are also responsible for the Lisbon, the most widely planted variety in California to-day. The Villa Franca lemon has been planted to some extent, but has generally been abandoned in favor of the Eureka and Lisbon varieties. 1 The writers are greatly indebted to F. E. Denny for help with the calculations and for criticism of the m
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