The castle of Edinburgh . blesas a place of safety for their daughters. On the departureof the Romans about the year 446, Vortigern, king of theBritons, invited the help of the Saxons under Octa and Ebusa,against his fierce enemies the Scots and the Picts, and theinvaders captured the Castle from the latter in 452. Fromthat time until the reign of Malcolm II., struggles for thefortress appear to have been continuous, each in turn beingvictorious. In the Mynyian, or Camhian Archceology, mention ismade of Caer-Eiddyn, or the fort of Edin, wherein dwelt afamous chief, Mynydoc, leader of the Celti
The castle of Edinburgh . blesas a place of safety for their daughters. On the departureof the Romans about the year 446, Vortigern, king of theBritons, invited the help of the Saxons under Octa and Ebusa,against his fierce enemies the Scots and the Picts, and theinvaders captured the Castle from the latter in 452. Fromthat time until the reign of Malcolm II., struggles for thefortress appear to have been continuous, each in turn beingvictorious. In the Mynyian, or Camhian Archceology, mention ismade of Caer-Eiddyn, or the fort of Edin, wherein dwelt afamous chief, Mynydoc, leader of the Celtic Britons in thefatal battle with the Saxons under Ida, the flame-bearer, atCatraeth, in Lothian, where the flower of the Ottadeni fell,in 510. Edwin, son of ^Ella, king of Deiri, having succeededEthelfrid, in the Saxon kingdom of Northumberland aboutthe year 617, and extended his conquests beyond the Forth,is said to have repaired or rebuilt the Castle in 626 andgiven the name of Edwinesburg to the settlement existing on. EDINBURGH IN THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY. k. Kirk o Field. I. Blackfriars Monastery. m. The Kinds Wall. n. Line of the Floddeii Wall. a. Palace. b. Davids Tower. c. Castle Church. d. St. Margarets Chapel. e. St. Cuthberts Church. /. Nor Locli (now Princes Street Gardens). g. St. Giles Church. h. The Cross. j. Greyfriars Monastery. 0. Trinity College Church. p. Caltou Hill. q. Salisbury Crags, r. Holyrood Abbey. s. Canongait. [By kind permission of F. C. Afears, Esq. THE CASTLE OF EDINBURGH the ridge, and while we cannot be certain, tliis wonld appearto be the key to the origin of the present name. A charterof IVfalcolm referring to Edinburgh Castle mentionsindillerently, Castrum Fuellaruni or Oj^pidum Puellarum. Castrum Puellarvm says Chalmers, was the learned anddiplomatic name of the place, as appears from existingcliarters and documents, Edinburgh its vulgar is borne out in the writings of Matthew Paris, whovisited Edinburgh in 1250, to wit
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