. The elements of materia medica and therapeutics (Volume 2) . n). Properties.—Not very remarkable. The barks of some species are tonic and astringent. Mannais obtained from several species. 1. OLEA EUROP^A, Linn, L. E. D.—THE EUROPEAN OLIVE. {Sex. Syst. Diandria, Monogynia.) (Oleum e drupis expressum, £.—Expressed oil of the pericarp, ex fructu, D.) (Oleum olivoe, U. S.) History.—Few vegetables have been so repeatedly noticed and enthusiasticallydescribed by the ancient writers as the olive-tree. In all ages it seems to havebeen adopted as the emblem of benignity and peace. It is fre
. The elements of materia medica and therapeutics (Volume 2) . n). Properties.—Not very remarkable. The barks of some species are tonic and astringent. Mannais obtained from several species. 1. OLEA EUROP^A, Linn, L. E. D.—THE EUROPEAN OLIVE. {Sex. Syst. Diandria, Monogynia.) (Oleum e drupis expressum, £.—Expressed oil of the pericarp, ex fructu, D.) (Oleum olivoe, U. S.) History.—Few vegetables have been so repeatedly noticed and enthusiasticallydescribed by the ancient writers as the olive-tree. In all ages it seems to havebeen adopted as the emblem of benignity and peace. It is frequently mentionedin the Bible (as in Gen. ch. viii. v. 12) ; the ancient Greeks (Homer, Od. v. 477)were well acquainted with it; and several products of it were employed in medi-cine by Hippocrates (Dierbach, Arzneim. d. Hippokr. p. 77) ; Plinv (Hist. xv. cap. 1—8; and lib. xxiii. cap. 34—37, ed. Valp.) is most diffuse in hisaccount of it. Botany. —Calyx small, four-toothed. Tube of the corolla short : THE EUROPEAN OLIVE. 377. Olea European. limb four-cleft. Stamens two. Segments of the stigma emarginate. Drupe, witha two-celled, two-seeded—by abortion one-celled, one-seeded—nut. (Bot. Gall.) Sp. char.—Leaves lanceolate, quite entire; their surfaces differently panicled. A long-lived tree of slow growth. Wood, hard ; used for cabinet-work. Leavesin pairs, shortly petiolated, lanceolate, acute, green above, hoary beneath. Floiverssmall and white. Drupe elliptical, dark bluishgreen; kernel (pyrena) hard, with usually onlyone ovule. The whitish character of the foliagegives a dull and monotonous appearance to coun-tries where the olive is extensively cultivated, asProvence and Languedoc. (Sharp, Letters fromItaly.) Olea europcea, var. longifolia, is the variety chiefly cul-tivated in the south of France and Italy. O. europcea, , is chiefly cultivated in Spain ; its fruit is nearlytwice the size of the common oliv
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