. Rome : its rise and fall ; a text-book for high schools and colleges. were thought of as ever turn-ing towards this life. ... It was the custom for thosewho went by a grave to say: The earth be light uponthee. 3 The Appian Way, for a distance of several milesfrom the gates of the capital, was lined with sepulchralmonuments. Many of these are still standing. These memo-rial structures were as varied in design as are the mon-uments in our modern cemeteries. Shafts, broken columns,altars, pyramids, and chapels were favorite forms. Two sepulchral edifices of the imperial era deserve specialnotic
. Rome : its rise and fall ; a text-book for high schools and colleges. were thought of as ever turn-ing towards this life. ... It was the custom for thosewho went by a grave to say: The earth be light uponthee. 3 The Appian Way, for a distance of several milesfrom the gates of the capital, was lined with sepulchralmonuments. Many of these are still standing. These memo-rial structures were as varied in design as are the mon-uments in our modern cemeteries. Shafts, broken columns,altars, pyramids, and chapels were favorite forms. Two sepulchral edifices of the imperial era deserve specialnotice. One of these was raised by Augustus as a tomb 3 Uhlhorn, Conflict of Christianity with Heathenism, p. 6j. ARCHITECTURE. 475 and monument for himself and his successors. It stoodclose to the banks of the Tiber, and consisted of an enor-mous circular tower raised upon a massive square substruc-ture. A century later, this sepulchre having become filled,Hadrian constructed a similar monument, which was richer,however, in marbles and sculptures, upon the opposite bank. Mausoleum of Hadrian, built by himself at Rome.(Now the Castle of St. Angelo. From a photograph.) of the Tiber. This structure was called, after the emperor,the Mole, or Mausoleum, of Hadrian (par. 227). It is nowused as a military fortress under the name of the Castleof St. Angelo. The massive structure, battered by manysieges and assaults and decayed through lapse of time,presents, next after the Colosseum, the most imposingappearance of any of the monuments of ancient Rome. 476 ARCHITECTURE, LITERATURE, LAW. References. — Fergusson (J.), History of Ancient and ModernArchitecture and Handbook of Architecture. Consult Indexes. Boissier(G.), * Rome and Pompeii, chap, i., on the Forum; chap, ii., on thePalatine ; and chap, iv., on Hadrians Villa. Lanciani (R.), ** AncientRome in the Light of Recent Discoveries, ** The Ruins and Excavationsof Ancient Rome, and The Destruction of Ancient Rome, earlier
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