. An encyclopædia of agriculture [electronic resource] : comprising the theory and practice of the valuation, transfer, laying out, improvement, and management of landed property, and the cultivation and economy of the animal and vegetable productions of agriculture, including all the latest improvements, a general history of agriculture in all countries, and a statistical view of its present state, with suggestions for its future progress in the British Isles. Agriculture. 24 HISTORY OF AGRICULTURE. Part I. to have known siirh ploughs, and refers to them in his Georgics. In the Greek monu- me
. An encyclopædia of agriculture [electronic resource] : comprising the theory and practice of the valuation, transfer, laying out, improvement, and management of landed property, and the cultivation and economy of the animal and vegetable productions of agriculture, including all the latest improvements, a general history of agriculture in all countries, and a statistical view of its present state, with suggestions for its future progress in the British Isles. Agriculture. 24 HISTORY OF AGRICULTURE. Part I. to have known siirh ploughs, and refers to them in his Georgics. In the Greek monu- ments of antiquity are only four or five examples of these. Lasteyrie has given figures of three wheel ploughs from Caylus's Collection of Antiquities (Jig. 13. a and b), and from a Sicilian medal (<•). 114 The urp&e, or irpex, seems to have been a plank with several teeth, used as our brake or cultivator, to break rough ground, and tear out roots and weeds. 14 The crates seems to have been a kind of harrow ; ^^ 116. The rostrum, a rake used in manual labour ; / i \ 117. The sarculum, a hand hoe, similar to our draw hoe; and iyj 118. The marra, a hand hoe of smaller size. 119. The bidens (bi-dens) seems to have been a two-pronged hoe of large size, «§f- with a hammer at the other end used to break clods. These were used chiefly in cultivating vineyards. 120 The ligo seems to have been a spade (fig. 14.), and the pala a shovel or sort of spade, or probably a synonym. The ligo and pala were made of wood only, of oak shod with iron, or with the blade entirely of iron. 121. The securis seems to have been an axe, and the same term was applied to the blade of the pruning knife, which was formed like a crescent. 122. The dolabra was a kind of adze for cutting roots in tree culture. 123. The reaping hook seems to have been the same as that in modern use : some were xised for cutting off the ears of far or maize, and these, it may be presumed, were not serrated like our
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookpublisherlondonprin, booksubjectagriculture
