. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. FIGURE 3. Repetitive exposures of a grunion to air. Observations are at three-second intervals. Grunion, when taken out of water, immediately develop an extreme brady- cardia (Fig. 2). The heart rates often slow from more than 100 to fewer than 10 beats per minute. The original, or slightly higher, pace is quickly resumed when the fish are returned to water (Figs. 2, 3). However, prolonged exposures of 5-10 minutes produce slow cardiac recovery. These laboratory results were confirmed by records taken on the beach during spa
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. FIGURE 3. Repetitive exposures of a grunion to air. Observations are at three-second intervals. Grunion, when taken out of water, immediately develop an extreme brady- cardia (Fig. 2). The heart rates often slow from more than 100 to fewer than 10 beats per minute. The original, or slightly higher, pace is quickly resumed when the fish are returned to water (Figs. 2, 3). However, prolonged exposures of 5-10 minutes produce slow cardiac recovery. These laboratory results were confirmed by records taken on the beach during spawning. CALIFORNIA FLYING FISH (Cypselurus calijorniciis) Flying fishes are pelagic plankton feeders that take to the air when pursued by predators. Their flight of as much as 200 yards is initiated by an accelerated take-off ("taxi") and continues as a passive glide. Compound flights, consisting of intermittent glides and tail accelerations, may keep the fish exposed to air for relatively long periods. Hubbs (1933, 1937) observed that the simple flights average about two seconds, although he noted single flights lasting as long as GRUNION F LYIN G FISH IN WATER 8 0 BEATS/MI N. m m . 2_2 t<5 B/M N WATER 8 Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Marine Biological Laboratory (Woods Hole, Mass. ); Marine Biological Laboratory (Woods Hole, Mass. ). Annual report 1907/08-1952; Lillie, Frank Rattray, 1870-1947; Moore, Carl Richard, 1892-; Redfield, Alfred Clarence, 1890-1983. Woods Hole, Mass. : Marine Biological Laboratory
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Keywords: ., bookauthorlilliefrankrat, booksubjectbiology, booksubjectzoology
