. Introduction to botany. Botany. 26 INTEODUCTION TO BOTANY and fall dandelion, pull their rosettes down tightly against the surface of a lawn, kill the surrounding grass, and thus secure for themselves a little clear space in which to grow. 24. Effects of roots on the soil. If we dig up a spadeful of earth from a well-grassed meadow or from a little inside the circumference of the circle formed by the roots of a tree, we shall find the soil bound together by the living roots or full. Eio. 18. Cypress trees (Taxodium) growing in a swamp The conical " knees " growing from the roots an
. Introduction to botany. Botany. 26 INTEODUCTION TO BOTANY and fall dandelion, pull their rosettes down tightly against the surface of a lawn, kill the surrounding grass, and thus secure for themselves a little clear space in which to grow. 24. Effects of roots on the soil. If we dig up a spadeful of earth from a well-grassed meadow or from a little inside the circumference of the circle formed by the roots of a tree, we shall find the soil bound together by the living roots or full. Eio. 18. Cypress trees (Taxodium) growing in a swamp The conical " knees " growing from the roots and nearly always above water are thought to serve as channels to supply air to the roots of little, crooked, tubular channels left by the decay of dead ones. Thus the soil is in the one case held together so as to prevent its becoming gullied and washed away by rains, and in the other case made more porous and more easily penetrated by air and water. The latter effect is a very important one in the case of stiff clay soils, which, when closely packed, are almost waterproof. The extensive washing away of soils when they are unpro- tected by a covering of plants, such as grass, shrubs, or forest. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Bergen, Joseph Y. (Joseph Young), 1851-1917; Caldwell, Otis William, 1869- joint author. Boston, New York, [etc. ] Ginn and company
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