. Bulletin. Ethnology. 0 /NCHES Figure 9.—Chippers or "Ecrasoir ou retouchoirs" (after de Mortillet, 1881). as though the maker understood both his technique and the quality of the stone being worked upon. Four distinct sizes were recovered. The largest specimen measures 70 mm. in length, 24 mm. in maximum width, and 11 mm. in thickness. The other three measured 49 mm., 43 mm., and 29 mm. in length respectively; 23 mm., 21 mm., and 20 mm. in width respectively; and 10 mm., 10 mm., and 10 mm. in thickness respectively. It will be noted that the thickness of all four was prac- tically
. Bulletin. Ethnology. 0 /NCHES Figure 9.—Chippers or "Ecrasoir ou retouchoirs" (after de Mortillet, 1881). as though the maker understood both his technique and the quality of the stone being worked upon. Four distinct sizes were recovered. The largest specimen measures 70 mm. in length, 24 mm. in maximum width, and 11 mm. in thickness. The other three measured 49 mm., 43 mm., and 29 mm. in length respectively; 23 mm., 21 mm., and 20 mm. in width respectively; and 10 mm., 10 mm., and 10 mm. in thickness respectively. It will be noted that the thickness of all four was prac- tically uniform, being aromid 10 mm. Widths seemed to be pretty well standardized, being between 21 and 22 mm. The only real variant occurs in the length factor. Three of these objects were made out of chert, while the fourth was made out of rhyolite. (For further dis- cussion see "Flaking tools" in this report pp. 95-96.) In the manufacture of snub-nosed scrapers a number of moderately thick and flat trigonal flakes, the results of hinge fractures, were first struck from a core. These flakes constitute the basic form out of which scrapers were fashioned. To convert these trigonal flakes into scrapers, the hinge joint, which is at the widest lateral edge, would have to be properly chipped, starting with the edge closest to the ven- tral surface and chipping at an obtuse angle toward the dorsal surface to create an edge capable of scraping. If cliipping is only applied to tliis particular surface, a cutting edge is produced that may be given greater keenness by additional retouching. This form is usually and roughly triangular in cross section and outline. Another form, sim- ilar to the former, can be made by working all lateral edges and blunting the basal tip so that it is more trapezoidal in cross section. Still another form would result by the formation of a "graver tip or tips" adjoining the scraper edge and a side, a form known as a "spurred" scrape
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectethnolo, bookyear1901
