. The essential facts of Oklahoma history and civics . t; Marcos de Nizza, on an expedition tolearn whether the cities heard of by De Vacareally existed. The negro Stephen, one of thethree companions of De Vaca, accompaniedMarcos, and being anxious to gain the glory offinding the cities, he hurried on ahead of ]\ negro reached the Zuni pueblos in the north-western part of what is now New Mexico. TheIndians, believing him to be a spy, put him todeath. His companions hurried back and metMarcos, who, upon hearing of the death of Stephen,became so frightened that he returned to Mexicowit
. The essential facts of Oklahoma history and civics . t; Marcos de Nizza, on an expedition tolearn whether the cities heard of by De Vacareally existed. The negro Stephen, one of thethree companions of De Vaca, accompaniedMarcos, and being anxious to gain the glory offinding the cities, he hurried on ahead of ]\ negro reached the Zuni pueblos in the north-western part of what is now New Mexico. TheIndians, believing him to be a spy, put him todeath. His companions hurried back and metMarcos, who, upon hearing of the death of Stephen,became so frightened that he returned to Mexicowithout going on to the cities w^hich he supposedwere the Seven Cities of Cibola. However,when he reached Mexico, he reported that he hadfound the seven cities. 4 OKLAHOMA HISTORY The next year (1540) Coronado, the governorof the northwest province of Mexico, started outcoronados i^^ scarch of the ^ Seven Cities. Be-journey ^^^.^ starting he obtained the consent, not only of Mendoza, but also of the EmperorCharles V, who was also king of Spain. Coronado. ZuNi Pueblo started from Culiacan near the west coast ofMexico, with about three hundred Spaniardsand a much larger number of Indians. He pro-ceeded northward until he reached the Zufiipueblos, which he found to be built of adobe ormud walls. The cities were not well constructed, SPANISH EXPLORATIONS 5 like those Cortez had conquered, nor had theIndians any gold worth mentioning. Marcos,who started out to guide the expedition, wasforced to turn l)ack for fear the disappointedsoldiers would kill him. A fleet of vessels with supplies for Coronadofollowed along the east coast of the Gulf of Cali-fornia until the mouth of the Colorado River wasreached. The commander, Alarcon, finding thathe was in a gulf and not on the Pacific Ocean,turned back. A detachment sent by Coronado tointercept the fleet and get supplies reached theupper part of the Gulf of California and learnedthat the fleet had been there and gone. Think-ing the fleet had
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