. A manual of the ornithology of the United States and of Canada : the land birds . he tarsi are less robust,and one tenth of an inch shorter. The 1st quill feather is mani-festly longer, the 1st and 8th quill feathers are nearly equal in length ;whereas in the Common Ground-Robin the 1st quill is scarcely equalto several of the secondaries. — Note. The Pipilo maculata, Swaih-son, of Mexico approaches very near to the present. CARDINALIS. (Bonap.) CARDINAL BIRDS. Bill robust, higher than]broad, tapering to a narrow and deflectedpoint; the upper mandible smaller convex and with an indistinctdor
. A manual of the ornithology of the United States and of Canada : the land birds . he tarsi are less robust,and one tenth of an inch shorter. The 1st quill feather is mani-festly longer, the 1st and 8th quill feathers are nearly equal in length ;whereas in the Common Ground-Robin the 1st quill is scarcely equalto several of the secondaries. — Note. The Pipilo maculata, Swaih-son, of Mexico approaches very near to the present. CARDINALIS. (Bonap.) CARDINAL BIRDS. Bill robust, higher than]broad, tapering to a narrow and deflectedpoint; the upper mandible smaller convex and with an indistinctdorsal ridge; lower mandible involute on the edges, acute at the basal, round, concealed by the advancing bristles ; 4th and5th quills longest. Tail long and rounded. Tongue as high as broad,convex and pointed —Of this genus, closely allied to Coccathranstcs,we have but a single species remarkable for the brilliance of itsplumage and fine bold fifing voice. It generally dwells amongstthickets or low trees near streams, and scarcely migrates beyond theMiddle CARDINAL BIRD. (Cardinalis Virginianus, Bokap. p. 35. Fringilla cardinalis, Ib. ii. p. 336. pi. 159. Lozia cardinalis, Lin. Wilson, ii. p. 38. f. 1 and 2.) 52 614 GRANIVOROUS BIRDS. Spec. Charact. — Crested, scarlet, beneath brighter; capistrum andthroat black ; bill coral red. — Female and young, drab; beneathreddish drab; tip of the crest, wings, and tail, red; capistrumand chin cinereous. This splendid and not uncommon songster chiefly oc-cupies the warmer and more temperate parts of the UnitedStates from New York to Florida, and a few stragglers evenproceed as far to the north as Salem in also inhabit the Mexican provinces,* and are metwith south as far as Carthagena; adventurously crossingthe intervening ocean, they are likewise numerous in thelittle temperate Bermuda islands, but do not apparentlyexist in any of the West Indies. As might be supposed,from the
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