Stained kidney tissue. The kidney is an essential organ responsible for removing waste from the body and maintaining healthy levels of ions in the blood. It also secretes two hormones, erythropoietin (EPO) and calcitriol (a vitamin D derivative), into the blood. It functions as a purifier by drawing felt breakdown products, such as urea and ammonium, out of the blood stream to excrete them in the urine.

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