The physical geography of New York state . Bull. Geol. Soc. France, VII, 1850, 623-630; Bull. Geol. Soc. France,VIII, 1851, 420-423. 3 Phil. Mag., XXI, 1861, 428-435. 4 Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., IX, 1862-3, 42-46; Geol. Survey Ohio. Report, 1869, 24-31; Annals New York Lyceum Nat. Hist., IX, 1870, 213-34; Amer. Nat., IV, 1870, 193-214. Font-Glacial History of th< <ir»it 243 ments for the lacustrine origin of the lake ridges asopposed to the marine. Bannister,1 describing the beaches of Lake Michigannear Chicago, referred them to a former level of LakeMichigan and described the outflo
The physical geography of New York state . Bull. Geol. Soc. France, VII, 1850, 623-630; Bull. Geol. Soc. France,VIII, 1851, 420-423. 3 Phil. Mag., XXI, 1861, 428-435. 4 Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., IX, 1862-3, 42-46; Geol. Survey Ohio. Report, 1869, 24-31; Annals New York Lyceum Nat. Hist., IX, 1870, 213-34; Amer. Nat., IV, 1870, 193-214. Font-Glacial History of th< <ir»it 243 ments for the lacustrine origin of the lake ridges asopposed to the marine. Bannister,1 describing the beaches of Lake Michigannear Chicago, referred them to a former level of LakeMichigan and described the outflow past Chicago, which isstill recognized as a former outlet. This is one of thebest early pieces of work upon the lake shores. Warren,-on the other hand, ascribed the beaches of the Red Rivervalley, and some of the changes in the Great Lakes, tochanges of land level. It was as an assistant to Newberry that Gilbert3 beganhis work upon the Great Lakes, a work which has pro- MVP Or TEE MAUMEE VALLEY Moraines <nd Raided Beachee; Dr^^tfQJf. Fit;. 120. The moraines ami l>ea<-hes of the Maimirr \allcy irrn. ducc<l such important results. He gave us the first detailedsurvey of a kind sufficiently accurate to lie used in latermapping (Fig. IJ(I). In connection with his work on theMaumee Valley,4 Gilbert showed that the beaches must Illinois (Jeol. Survey, III. IM;S. Jlii-ilJ -Annual Kept. Chief of Engineers, IM;S. 307j Aim-r. .lourn. 8cl. c\ ;::. 537-56. 244 The Physical Geography of New York State have been formed in lakes, because they converged towardthe outlet channel past Fort Wayne, and that they havebeen tilted since their deposit. This tilting has later beenused as proof that the change in land level was the causefor the change in outflow of the lakes and hence for thechanges in the former lake levels. He also pointed outth
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