. Better fruit. Fruit-culture. Illustrations showing three and four year old trees after being pruned. In the center of the four year old tree can be seen the natural tree brace which has just been started. more bracing. Then there are so many varieties that open up as they get older and bear fruit, such as the Jonathan, Winter Banana, Spitzenburg and Ortley, that it is very advisable in dealing with these varieties to have plenty of limbs and not to have the tree too open. The third year prune off one-half to two- thirds of the new growth allowing one or two more limbs to be added to the syst
. Better fruit. Fruit-culture. Illustrations showing three and four year old trees after being pruned. In the center of the four year old tree can be seen the natural tree brace which has just been started. more bracing. Then there are so many varieties that open up as they get older and bear fruit, such as the Jonathan, Winter Banana, Spitzenburg and Ortley, that it is very advisable in dealing with these varieties to have plenty of limbs and not to have the tree too open. The third year prune off one-half to two- thirds of the new growth allowing one or two more limbs to be added to the system, but being careful of crotches, formed by two limbs coming from buds too near together on the older limb, also continuing the leader in the center. Prune usually to outside buds, except where there is considerable wind and in the case of a variety like the Jona- than when it is advisable to prune all limbs to the wind. Take the can of white lead around again and paint all large wounds. Be careful not to prune all the limbs the same height from the ground, thus making the top of the tree look as though it had been sheared and giving the whole tree a storied ap- pearance. Should the tree be headed too high, .or there being no limb in the trunk where the grower might de- sire one, often the insertion of a bud in August will start a limb the following spring. This bud will not always grow, but will frequently remain dormant for a season and sometimes start the following spring. By the end of this season we should have a fairly well shaped tree. The writer does not be- lieve in summer pruning (heading back in the summer) a very young tree. The theory is that it is unnecessary to se- cure a long thin growth, and checking the flow of sap at the terminals makes the limbs and trunk larger on that ac- count. This is very often true but we find that entirely checking the growth of the tree devitalizes it so much that in the long run it will not measure up in size with a tree that has b
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