. Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11. Forests and forestry. 144 i SCRUB OAK. Quercus ilicifolia, Wangenheim. FORM—Shrub or small tree with many crooked intertwined branches; usaally 4-8 ft. liigh with a diameter of 1-3 Inches, but occasionally attaining a height of 18-20 feet. See Fig. 4. BARK—Thin, smooth, becoming scaly on older stems, gray to dark brown In color. TWIGS—When young slender, dark green, tinged with red, and tomentose; becoming gray to reddish-brown, finally dark brown and smooth. BUDS—Alternate, ovate, obtuse, 1 of an inch long, chestnut-brown; covered by n
. Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11. Forests and forestry. 144 i SCRUB OAK. Quercus ilicifolia, Wangenheim. FORM—Shrub or small tree with many crooked intertwined branches; usaally 4-8 ft. liigh with a diameter of 1-3 Inches, but occasionally attaining a height of 18-20 feet. See Fig. 4. BARK—Thin, smooth, becoming scaly on older stems, gray to dark brown In color. TWIGS—When young slender, dark green, tinged with red, and tomentose; becoming gray to reddish-brown, finally dark brown and smooth. BUDS—Alternate, ovate, obtuse, 1 of an inch long, chestnut-brown; covered by numerous small dnik-margined closely appressed scales. LEAVES—Alternate, simple, 2-5 inches long, lJ-8 inches wide, obovate In outline, with a wedge shaped base. 3-7-lobed, usually 5; with shallow sinuses and acute and bristle-tipped lobes. Mature leaves dark green and glossy above, covered with a dense whitish pubescence beneath, thick and leathery in texture, with conspicuous yellow midribs and veins. Petioles round, tomentose and about 1 inch long. LEAF-SCARS—See "Loaf-Scars" under White Oak, page 132. FLOWERS—Appear about May when leaves are i developed. Stamlnate aments 4-5 Inches long, often clinging to twigs until late summer; Pistillate flowers borne upon stout tomen- tose stalks, have an involucre ot red scales, and red stigmas. FRUIT—An acorn, maturing at end of second season, very abundant, sessile or nearly so, usually clustered, seldom solitary. Nut broadly ovoid, with a flat rounded base, acute or rounded apex, about half enclosed in the cup, light brown, shiny and often slightly striate. i of an inch broad and long. Cup pale and reddish-brown and soft downy within, covered on the outside with many closely set reddish-brown scales whose free tips form a fringe around the edge of the cup. Kernel bright yellow. WOOD—Ring-porous; with conspicuous medullary rays; pale brown, strong, hard, tough, and fine-grained. Commercially not important o
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