. Science of railways . ^SB vibrating cup, but simply a retainer to hold them in position,and it is not necessary that this retainer be a close fit to therod as is usually the case. The shape of the white metalsegment permits of practically all the metal being used up. before a new set of packing segments are required, whereaswith most metal packing rings they are reduced less thantwenty per cent in weight when worn out. LOCOMOTIVE APPLIANCES. 395 AIR PUMP METALLIC PACKING. • As the air brake is now almost wholly relied upon tohandle trains—both passenger and freight—a failureto obtain suffici
. Science of railways . ^SB vibrating cup, but simply a retainer to hold them in position,and it is not necessary that this retainer be a close fit to therod as is usually the case. The shape of the white metalsegment permits of practically all the metal being used up. before a new set of packing segments are required, whereaswith most metal packing rings they are reduced less thantwenty per cent in weight when worn out. LOCOMOTIVE APPLIANCES. 395 AIR PUMP METALLIC PACKING. • As the air brake is now almost wholly relied upon tohandle trains—both passenger and freight—a failureto obtain sufficient air pressure usually results inserious delays to trains, as well as rendering theiroperation less safe. Air pumps are one of the hardest things to packwell with fibrous packing, and yet one of the easiest topack with metallic packing. Several large railroadsuse shot and graphite, which in time hardens into astate similar to babbitt packing; many other railroadsuse a metaUic packing of their own design; hence itwill suffice to here show the two forms of metallic airpump packing most frequently used when purchasedfrom manufacturers. UNITED STATES AIR PUMP PACKING. This form of packing is shown in Fig. 1 as appliedto the regular stuffing box standard to
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