. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. Fig. 1.—The Indian-meal moth (Plodia interpunctella): a. Moth; 6, chrysalis; c, caterpillar; d, head of same; e, first abdominal segment of same; /, caterpillar, dorsal view, a, b, c,f, Somewhat enlarged; d, e, more enlarged. (From Chittenden.) INSECTS CONCERNED IN THE INJURY. During the progress of this investigation a study of the insect forms most injurious to dried fruits in California has been pursued, with the result that the follow- ing species have been collected, the more important being con- sidered later in
. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. Fig. 1.—The Indian-meal moth (Plodia interpunctella): a. Moth; 6, chrysalis; c, caterpillar; d, head of same; e, first abdominal segment of same; /, caterpillar, dorsal view, a, b, c,f, Somewhat enlarged; d, e, more enlarged. (From Chittenden.) INSECTS CONCERNED IN THE INJURY. During the progress of this investigation a study of the insect forms most injurious to dried fruits in California has been pursued, with the result that the follow- ing species have been collected, the more important being con- sidered later in sepa- rate paragraphs. The Indian-meal moth (Plodia inter- punctella Hiibn.) (fig. 1) is probably the most common and destructive of these pests, its large size making it particularly conspicuous, while the nature of its attack renders infested fruit most disgusting in appearance. (See PI. I, figs. 1, 2.) The fig moth {Ephes- tia cautella Walk.) (fig. 2) is next in importance among the moths, while a variety of beetles, including the dried-fruit beetle (CarpopTiilus hemij)- terus L.), the saw- toothed grain beetle (Silvanus surinamen- sis L.), the foreign grain beetle (Cathar- tus advena Waltl), and a fungus beetle (Flenoticus serratus Gyll.), are generally injurious. Two sugar mites (TyroglypTius siro Gerv. and T. longior Gerv.) are also fre- quently found. The pomace flies (DrosopMla ampdopliila Loew) attack only the sweet, watery fruits, or those that arc fermenting, and can hardly be considered as dried-fruit insects. Ants are occasion- ally found in dried fruits, but do not breed therein, and can usually be best attacked by destroying their nests outside the packing house. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF DRIED-FRUIT INSECTS. The annual financial loss to all who handle dried fruits from the Pacific coast would be very difficult to estimate, since these prod- ucts are rapidly distributed by the packers over a large territory,. Fig. 2.—The fig moth (Ephestia cautella): a, Moth; 6,
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