Public works . Floating population metered. 7,689; unmetered. 7,625;total population metered, 12,471; unmetered, 24,704; total, 37,170. Number of dwellings metered and unmetered, 361 and 3,659respectively; hotels and apartments, 50 and 17; restaurants, 40and 6; factories, 14 and IS; municipal buildings, 9 and 8; federalbuildings, 4 and 10; miscellaneous, 196 and 558; total buildings,673 and 4,272. Total night flow detected by subdivision tests, 2,072,700 gals,per day; of which 388,700 was inside metered premises, 561,600was inside unmetered premises, 397,500 was due to undergroundleakage from
Public works . Floating population metered. 7,689; unmetered. 7,625;total population metered, 12,471; unmetered, 24,704; total, 37,170. Number of dwellings metered and unmetered, 361 and 3,659respectively; hotels and apartments, 50 and 17; restaurants, 40and 6; factories, 14 and IS; municipal buildings, 9 and 8; federalbuildings, 4 and 10; miscellaneous, 196 and 558; total buildings,673 and 4,272. Total night flow detected by subdivision tests, 2,072,700 gals,per day; of which 388,700 was inside metered premises, 561,600was inside unmetered premises, 397,500 was due to undergroundleakage from services. from mains, 800 unclassified—a totalof 457,900 underground leakage. Municipal consumption was 52,-000, federal consumption. 490,500; giving total flow accountedfor of 1, gals, and leaving unaccounted for. In a number of cities, different water service areas sup-plied directly by individual pumps or by trunk lines, whereventuri meters have been installed, constitute natural per-. Fig. 4—GRAPHIC CHART, SHOWING METHOD OF RECORDING IMPORTANT BEARING UPON CONDITION OF CITY DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM. night rate of flow exceeds the rate during the daytime;others show a ratio of night rate to mean daily rate vary-ing from zero to 100 per cent. Charts frequently showabnormally abrupt changes in the flow rate, excessive peakloads indicating over-taxation of certain mains, and manyother facts have definite causes and reveal, upon study, allthe secrets of the distribution system. Extreme variationin conditions will occur due to variation in usage in indus-trial plants, seasonal changes and other causes, so that thedata obtained must if possible be compared with previousdata obtained under like conditions to determine its fullimport. The illustration No. 1 shows a typical flow charttaken on a 30 inch main supplying a permanent district ofalmost purely residential nature. Note that the night rateis almost 80 per cent of the mean daily rate. The illustratio
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectmunicip, bookyear1896
