The manufacture of rubber goods : a practical handbook for the use of manufacturers, chemists, and others . as been found a suitable oneto transform Para into ebonite by vulcanising for six hours in thewater-bath, with steam at a temperature of 135° C, slowly rising, Para . 10,000 gms. B. Para Sulphur . 3,000 ., Madagascar Linseed oil 200 ,, Sulphur . Wax 250 ,, Linseed oilWax MANUFACTURE OF EBONITE. 207 during the last hour of heating, to 140° C. The results of a seriesof experiments with different kinds of rubber, mixed with ebonitedust and sulphur, are given in the tables which follow. From
The manufacture of rubber goods : a practical handbook for the use of manufacturers, chemists, and others . as been found a suitable oneto transform Para into ebonite by vulcanising for six hours in thewater-bath, with steam at a temperature of 135° C, slowly rising, Para . 10,000 gms. B. Para Sulphur . 3,000 ., Madagascar Linseed oil 200 ,, Sulphur . Wax 250 ,, Linseed oilWax MANUFACTURE OF EBONITE. 207 during the last hour of heating, to 140° C. The results of a seriesof experiments with different kinds of rubber, mixed with ebonitedust and sulphur, are given in the tables which follow. Fromthese tables it will be seen that with a constant percentage ofsulphur a longer time of cure did not give equally good results,but that in order to effect this the amount of sulphur had to beincreased, a fact due in some measure to the resin-content of theraw rubber. The experiments were carried out with sheets 2 , 5 cm. wide and 20 cm. long. Each sheet was tested in anapparatus which slowly bends the sheet until it breaks. Themovement of the spindle is communicated to a pointer moving on a. Fig. 94. graduated dial. The figures obtained show the amount of bendingat the breaking-point. From the second table (p. 209) can be seen what influence certainquantities of sulphur and other ingredients have on the strength andstructure of ebonite compounds made from different sorts of rubber. Linseed oil, well boiled and free from water, or white winter ?(cotton seed) oil, is added with the object of improving the polish;on the other hand, by adding a higher percentage of oil and adjust-ing the amount of sulphur accordingly, that is to say, increasingit, substitute is formed. In order to produce a horny cut or fracture, and to facilitatethe further working up—turning, drilling, sawing—a certain amountof white wax is added to the rubber mixing. 208 RUBBER MANUFACTURE. To the cheaper qualities, especially for mechanical purposes,substitutes, asphaltum, pitch, and resins may be
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