. Compendium of meteorology. Meteorology. (q). Fig. 6.—Schematic diagram of the current-potential char- acteristic in the aspiration condenser (a) in the presence of one type of ion, (6) in the presence of several types of ions. at least equal to, this mobility are deposited. Of those ions, whose mobility k is smaller, only the percentage k/kg is deposited. It is evident that, in the foregoing, the characteristic relationship between current and potential in the con- denser will be a broken linear curve. This curve will resemble Fig. 6a when but one type of ion is present, and assume the form
. Compendium of meteorology. Meteorology. (q). Fig. 6.—Schematic diagram of the current-potential char- acteristic in the aspiration condenser (a) in the presence of one type of ion, (6) in the presence of several types of ions. at least equal to, this mobility are deposited. Of those ions, whose mobility k is smaller, only the percentage k/kg is deposited. It is evident that, in the foregoing, the characteristic relationship between current and potential in the con- denser will be a broken linear curve. This curve will resemble Fig. 6a when but one type of ion is present, and assume the form of Fig. Gb when several types of ions occur. From the preceding statement, the following conditions are found for the measurement of ions: Conductivity: M must be chosen so great or V so small that operations take place in the first segment of the curve that rises from the origin of the coordinate system. Ion Counts: Determined from the saturation current. Ion Mobility: Each break in the curve yields, accord- ing to equation (7), the mobility of a corresponding type of ion. Ion Spectrum (numerical distribution on the basis of the individual mobilities): The number pertaining to a given mobility results from the magnitude of the change in slope of the characteristic; expressed in terms of differentials, the ion spectrum is determined by the second differential quotient of the characteristic. Additional methodological details are given else- where [54, 56, 57]. With respect to "edge disturbances" (effect of the inhomogeneity of the field at the edge of the condenser), see Itiwa,ra [73], Israel [56], and others. For special designs, that homogenize the field of cylin- drical condensers, refer to Becker [8], Swann [137], and Scholz [115]. Well-known instruments that are easy to manipulate include the Gerdien aspirator [39, 40] for measurements of conductivity; the Ebert ion counter [32, 33, 35] and the Weger aspirator [58, 142] for measurements of the concentration and
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