. A text-book of human physiology . pendence of the centers for those parts. THIRD SECTION THE BLOOD GASES As long ago as the middle of the seventeenth century, Robert Boylepumped a gas from the blood, and Mayow (1674) claimed that this gascontained a substance called by him spiritus nitrocBveus (oxygen). LikewisePriestley demonstrated the presence of oxygen in the blood, and H. Davyfound carbon dioxide in it. These statements, however, were disputed byothers and only after Magnus (1838) had demonstrated beyond a doubt thepresence of oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen in the blood, were the f
. A text-book of human physiology . pendence of the centers for those parts. THIRD SECTION THE BLOOD GASES As long ago as the middle of the seventeenth century, Robert Boylepumped a gas from the blood, and Mayow (1674) claimed that this gascontained a substance called by him spiritus nitrocBveus (oxygen). LikewisePriestley demonstrated the presence of oxygen in the blood, and H. Davyfound carbon dioxide in it. These statements, however, were disputed byothers and only after Magnus (1838) had demonstrated beyond a doubt thepresence of oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen in the blood, were the factsgenerally 334 RESPIRATION A very important advance in our knowledge of the blood gases was madeby the introduction of the Torricelli vacuum for the purpose of extracting them. This method was first used byLudwig (1859), after Collard, de Mar-tigny, and Hoppe-Seyler had tried it^ for other purposes. Since that time it has been improved in many ways bymany different authors (Fig. 130). 1. ABSORPTION OF GASES INLIQUIDS. When a liquid stands in contact witha space filled with gas, the gas passesfrom the space into the liquid until thelatter has taken up as much gas as theconditions will permit. We must distin-guish clearly between two of these con-ditions. A. The liquid exercises no chemical attraction upon the gas. In this case the amount of gas absorbed depends upon three factors: (1) the nature of the liquid \^^ and the gas, (2) the temperature, and (3) the pressure to which the gas is may formulate the facts in the follow-ing law: The volume of a gas absorbedunder different pressures by a given liquid,when reduced to the same pressure andtemperature, is proportional to the pres-sures (Law of Henry). The coefficient of absorption is the vol-ume of the gas (reduced to 0° and 760mm. LIg.) which is absorbed by a unitvolume of the liquid under a pressure of760 mm. When several gases within the samespace are brought in contact with a liquid,the absorptio
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