Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (December 18, 1878- March 5, 1953) was the Premier of the Soviet Union and General Secretary of the party's Central Committee. In 1928, Stalin replaced the decade's New Economic Policy with a highly centralized command economy
Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (December 18, 1878- March 5, 1953) was the Premier of the Soviet Union and General Secretary of the party's Central Committee. In 1928, Stalin replaced the decade's New Economic Policy with a highly centralized command economy and Five-Year Plans, launching a period of industrialization and collectivization in the countryside. As a result, the USSR was rapidly transformed from an agrarian society into an industrial power, the basis for its emergence as the world's second largest economy after World War II. In 1937-38, a campaign against alleged enemies of the Stalinist regime culminated in the Great Purge, a period of mass repression against the population in which hundreds of thousands of people were executed. Having played a decisive role in the Allied victory against Germany, the USSR emerged as a recognized superpower after the war. Stalin attended the delegations at the Yalta and Potsdam Conferences, which drew the map of post-war Europe. State communist governments loyal to the Soviet Union were installed in the Eastern Bloc, as satellite states. He led the USSR during the period of post-war reconstruction. The successful development of the Soviet nuclear program enabled the country to become the world's second nuclear weapons power. He also launched the Great Construction Projects of Communism and the Great Plan for the Transformation of Nature. health deteriorated towards the end of World War II. He suffered from atherosclerosis from his heavy smoking. He had a severe heart attack in 1945. He 1953, at the age of 74. Officially, he died naturally due to a cerebral hemorrhage (massive stroke). His successor, Nikita Khrushchev, denounced his legacy and initiated a process of de-Stalinization. Modern views of Stalin in the Russian Federation and the world remain mixed, with some viewing him as a tyrant and mass murderer,others as a capable and necessary leader for the time.
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