. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. 640 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES 1517. E. sphaerocephalus L. (Hildebrand, ' U. d. Gfeschlechtsverhalt. b. d. Compositen,' pp. 46-8, Taf. VI, Figs. 1-3; Herm. Miiller, ' Fertilisation,' pp. 336-7, 'Weit. Beob.,' Ill,p. 79; Knuth, 'Bloemenbiol. Bijdragen,''Bliitenbiol. Herbstbeob.')— Hermann Muller says that the nectar rises into the bell after filling the corolla-tube (5-6 mm. long), which is almost completely occupied by the style. The bell is_ split almost to
. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. 640 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES 1517. E. sphaerocephalus L. (Hildebrand, ' U. d. Gfeschlechtsverhalt. b. d. Compositen,' pp. 46-8, Taf. VI, Figs. 1-3; Herm. Miiller, ' Fertilisation,' pp. 336-7, 'Weit. Beob.,' Ill,p. 79; Knuth, 'Bloemenbiol. Bijdragen,''Bliitenbiol. Herbstbeob.')— Hermann Muller says that the nectar rises into the bell after filling the corolla-tube (5-6 mm. long), which is almost completely occupied by the style. The bell is_ split almost to its base into five linear lobes, and the nectar is therefore accessible even to insects with a very short proboscis. After the style protrudes from the anther- cylinder, its branches still remain apposed for a time, so that the pollen may be removed by insect visitors before the stigmatic surfaces are spread Fig. 204. Echinops sphaerocephalus^ L. (after Herm. MulIer). (i) Floret at the end of the first male) stage. (2) Do. in the second (female) stage. (3) Longitudinal section of the style and ot the corolla-tube which surrounds it. a, filaments; d, anthers; c, brush of sweeping-hairs; d^ stigma; £, nectary. Visitors.—I observed (Kiel Botanic Garden), Apis, skg., 2 humble-bees (Bombus lapidarius L. 5 and $, skg., and B. terrester L. 5, do.), 2 butterflies (Pieris sp., and Vanessa io Z.), 2 hover-flies (Eristalis sp., and Syritta pipiens Z.), and 2 Muscids (Lucilia cornicina F., and Pollenia rudis F^. Loew saw Bombus terrester Z. 5, skg., in the Berlin Botanic Garden. Henn. Muller (H. M.) and Buddeberg (Budd.) record the following for Thuringia and Nassau.— Hymenoptera. (a) Apidae: i. Bombus lapidarius Z. 5, skg. (H. M.); 2. B. muscorum F. 5, do. (H. M.); 3. B. sylvarum Z. 5, do. (H. M.); 4. B. variabilis Schmiedekn. 5, do. (Budd.); 5. Halictus cylindricus F. 5 and S, very numerous, skg. (Budd.); 6. H. interruptus Pz. S, skg. (Budd.); 7. H. maculatus Sm. $, do. (
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