. Elementary physiology . Fig. 52.—The lower half of the thorax, with four lumbar vertebrae, showing the diaphragm from before. (Allen Thomson, after Luschka.) \ a, sixth dorsal vertebra ; b, fourth lumbar vertebra ; c, ensiform process ; d, </, aorta, passing through its opening in the diaphragm ; e, oesophagus; y, opening in the tendon of the diaphragm for the inferior vena cava ; i, central, 2, right, and 3, left division of the trefoil tendon of the diaphragm ; 4, right, and 5, left costal part, ascending from the ribs to the margins of the tendon; 6, right, and 7, left crus; 8, to 8, o


. Elementary physiology . Fig. 52.—The lower half of the thorax, with four lumbar vertebrae, showing the diaphragm from before. (Allen Thomson, after Luschka.) \ a, sixth dorsal vertebra ; b, fourth lumbar vertebra ; c, ensiform process ; d, </, aorta, passing through its opening in the diaphragm ; e, oesophagus; y, opening in the tendon of the diaphragm for the inferior vena cava ; i, central, 2, right, and 3, left division of the trefoil tendon of the diaphragm ; 4, right, and 5, left costal part, ascending from the ribs to the margins of the tendon; 6, right, and 7, left crus; 8, to 8, on the right side, the sixth, seventh, and eighth internal intercostal muscles, deficient towards the vertebral column, where in the two upper spaces the levatores costarum and the external intercostal muscles 9, 9, are seen ; 10, 10, on the left side, subcostal muscles. is really the case; for from this point the heart is directed upwards, and to the right, the base lying above and to the right, so that a small part of the heart lies to the right side of the sternum as shown in Fig. 53. The great vessels which


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, bookpubli, booksubjectphysiology