. Discovery. Science. DISCOVERY 259 and, in the liigher parts, of larch. The lowei parts of the mountain are of crystalline limestone ; the summit is of pure white marble, with a thick grain similar to, and almost indistinguishable from, that of Parian. The ascent of the mountain, which requires two davs, is best made from the village of Banitsa on the north side. Thence a path leads to the monastery of Eikosiphoinissis, which is built in a wooded hollow at a height of 1,200 ft., and overhangs the village of Nikisian on the east side. This monastery was built between the j^ears 443 and 45
. Discovery. Science. DISCOVERY 259 and, in the liigher parts, of larch. The lowei parts of the mountain are of crystalline limestone ; the summit is of pure white marble, with a thick grain similar to, and almost indistinguishable from, that of Parian. The ascent of the mountain, which requires two davs, is best made from the village of Banitsa on the north side. Thence a path leads to the monastery of Eikosiphoinissis, which is built in a wooded hollow at a height of 1,200 ft., and overhangs the village of Nikisian on the east side. This monastery was built between the j^ears 443 and 454, in the time of Sozon. Metropolitan of Philippi. A pure and plentiful spring flows out here and is said to have appeared at the founding of the monastery. From here the path ascends steeply along a ridge on the south-east face (if Amphipolis and the line of the river clear and distinct. l~rom the summit the same path is said to run on down the west slopes of the mountain straight into Amphi- polis. Near the smnmit is another cave, small and shallow, known as Chionistra, and in it snow lies unmelted all the summer. The villagers of Pang;eum say that there are traces of old mine workings on the stimmit near Chionistra, on the lower southern slopes above Xikisian, and at a place near the village of Mosorop known as Asimo- tripi, or " Silver ; Pangseum is known to the Turks as Pilaf Tepe, the " Hill of Rice," because of its snowy cone-shaped summit ; or Pirnar Dagh, because of the spring at the monaster}-. By the Bulgars it is called THE OF EIKOSIPHOIXISSIS. and passes an enormous cave known locally as Asceto- tripo, or " Monk's ; The full extent of this cave I was not able to ascertain, but there were at least three large chambers in succession leading into the heart of the mountain. Beyond the cave is a wide extent of beech forest, the floor of which, in April, was covered in the more open parts with cowslips and
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