. Riding and driving for women . keeps theirheads down, gives the rider better control, and pre-vents rearing. The standing martingale looks better if hungfrom a breastplate in the same manner as a runningmartingale. Standing martingales cannot be usedin hunting, as they prevent a horse from jumpingfreely. So in hunting with a horse that needs amartingale a running martingale should be is attached to the front of the breastplate andhas two branches ending in rings, through which thesnaffle reins are passed. In front of these rings thereshould be leather stops on the reins to prevent


. Riding and driving for women . keeps theirheads down, gives the rider better control, and pre-vents rearing. The standing martingale looks better if hungfrom a breastplate in the same manner as a runningmartingale. Standing martingales cannot be usedin hunting, as they prevent a horse from jumpingfreely. So in hunting with a horse that needs amartingale a running martingale should be is attached to the front of the breastplate andhas two branches ending in rings, through which thesnaffle reins are passed. In front of these rings thereshould be leather stops on the reins to prevent theirbuckles from catching in the rings. Running martingales are chiefly used in the hunt-ing field and in jumping, for in jumping a horse musthave his head free, and a tight standing martingalew^ould prevent him from throwing his head forward at 147 RIDING AND DRIVING FOR WOMEN the take off, and so not only prevent him from usinghis strength to the best advantage, but would tendto throw him off his balance. Running martingales,. Correctly Saddled and Bridled for HuxtixgNote the breastplate and cavesson however, are not nearly as effectual in preventing ahorse from rearing, and when they are used it re-quires a very considerable amount of strength on thepart of the rider to keep the horses head down, while,of course, the standing martingale keeps the horses 148 SADDLES AND BRIDLES head down without any exertion on the part of therider. If a standing martingale is used, be sure that it isnot fastened too tight; it should be loose enough toallow the horse quite a little play with his head inits natural position. If it is tighter than this thehorse, when the reins are loose, will put his head inits natural position, then feel the pressure of the mar-tingale and think that he is being backed. He willthereupon back, and the more you give him hishead by loosening the reins, the more, through at-tempting to raise his head, he will feel the pressureof the martingale and will keep on ba


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjecthorsema, bookyear1912