. The encyclopedia of practical horticulture; a reference system of commercial horticulture, covering the practical and scientific phases of horticulture, with special reference to fruits and vegetables;. Gardening; Fruit-culture; Vegetable gardening. Fall Sweet Duchess Rotter Seedless for this is that in planting, fillers have been generally used, that is, temporary trees have been set out between those which were to remain permanently. By planting out the orchard, for example, with standard pears at intervals of 12 by 16 feet every other row of the 12-foot rows is a filler row. As the trees
. The encyclopedia of practical horticulture; a reference system of commercial horticulture, covering the practical and scientific phases of horticulture, with special reference to fruits and vegetables;. Gardening; Fruit-culture; Vegetable gardening. Fall Sweet Duchess Rotter Seedless for this is that in planting, fillers have been generally used, that is, temporary trees have been set out between those which were to remain permanently. By planting out the orchard, for example, with standard pears at intervals of 12 by 16 feet every other row of the 12-foot rows is a filler row. As the trees begin to crowd, these are taken out, and the trees are left 16 by 24 feet apart. In either case the rectangle approaches so nearly a square that it is perfectly con- venient to carry on the operations of cul- tivating, spraying, etc.; in fact, it is more practicable to have the trees farther apart one way than the other, as this leaves a broader strip for plowing and more room for spraying and hauling out the fruit as the trees begin to fill the space completely. For dwarfs the distance of 12 by 16 feet was adopted, with a filler row between 16-foot rows, which makes the trees stand 12 by 8 feet. The distance for the stan- dard pears is 16 by 24 feet, with fillers between the 24-foot permanent rows, the trees thus standing in the original plant- ing 16 by 12 feet apart. In the Oriental orchard the distance is 24 by 32 feet, with a filler row between the 32-foot rows, making the trees stand 16 by 24 feet apart. It will be noted that each of the two latter distances is double that of the preceding, so that the orchards can be planted adjoining and the rows be con- tinuous, which is a great advantage in plowing and cultivating. Furthermore, all the distances are multiples of 4, and this arrangement gives the convenient distance of 4 feet for planting truck crops, cow peas, etc., in the young orchard. Preparation of the Soil The pear, like most other fruit trees, is very susceptibl
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