Chilblain. Toe of a 35 year-old female patient which is swollen, red and itchy due to chilblains. Chilblains are caused by an excessive narrowing of s

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Chilblain. Toe of a 35 year-old female patient which is swollen, red and itchy due to chilblains. Chilblains are caused by an excessive narrowing of small blood vessels below the surface of the skin. They occur usually in cold weather and form part of a group of conditions known as perniosis, in which cold weather affects individuals whose blood circulation to their extremities is weak. Chilblains are most common in the young and the elderly, and women are more susceptible than men. Treatment is by keeping the limbs warm, although vasodilator drugs may also be given.

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Photo credit: © DR P. MARAZZI/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY / Alamy / Afripics
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Keywords: chilblain, chilblains, condition, disease, disorder, healthcare, medical, medicine, perniosis, toe