Diseases of the air brake system; their causes, symptoms and cure . is may result from a very weak graduating-spring(Plate 17, Xo. 22), or a failure of graduating-valve (7)to unseat properly, either because the pin which controlsit is broken, or else because it is surrounded with gumand dirt. It might also result in case the main piston (5)should stick just enough to require a very heavy reduc-tion to move it. This is a very annoying and difficulttrouble to locate. The first thing to do is, of course, tofind out which triple-valve it is that is giving the can best be done by stati
Diseases of the air brake system; their causes, symptoms and cure . is may result from a very weak graduating-spring(Plate 17, Xo. 22), or a failure of graduating-valve (7)to unseat properly, either because the pin which controlsit is broken, or else because it is surrounded with gumand dirt. It might also result in case the main piston (5)should stick just enough to require a very heavy reduc-tion to move it. This is a very annoying and difficulttrouble to locate. The first thing to do is, of course, tofind out which triple-valve it is that is giving the can best be done by stationing men along thetrain to watch the action of the brakes under the carswhile the engineer makes an application. If the train istoo long to be conveniently watched in this way, beginwith the first half. If this by itself does not give thedefective action complained of, it is a manifest fact thatthe offending triple-valve must be in the latter half of thetrain. A few careful tests of this nature will soon locatethe car on which is the defective valve, and when so. Diseases of the Air Brake System. 81 located it can be cut out until the repairer can fix it. Theexact operation of a valve such as the one just above de-scribed is as follows: On the first light reduction in thetrain-pipe it will be the last to apply, and when it doesset it will go on very violently; this quick action causinga full application of all the other brakes in the train. BRAKES SETTING WHILE RUNNING. This is almost invariabl}- an indication of a reductionof the pressure in the train-pipe, either through leakage,equalization (air flowing from a car having a high pres-sure to one having a less pressure), the separation of thetrain into two or more parts, the bursting of a hose. Isay almost invariably, because there are cases in whichthe brakes may set while running, without any reductionof the train-pipe pressure. For example, this sometimesoccurs on a driver or tender brake as a result of leakagepast the fou
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