It was fortunate that he Hubble Space Telescope was designed for on-orbit repair. Soon after Hubble was placed into orbit during space shuttle mission STS-31, it became evident that something was wrong with the telescope’s optical system. It was discovered that Hubble’s primary mirror had been ground to the wrong shape. It would be necessary to design a solution to what is known as “spherical aberration.” This solution called Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement (COSTAR) was installed during the planned first servicing mission. To prepare for the installation, astronauts returne


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