. Bulletin . e densities in the plate shown in Fig. 2. Many difficultiessurrounded the preparation and printing of such a plate and it isinserted with some misgivings. It is believed, however, that ifit should prove successful it will give some readers a better ideaof the value of the scale numbers 1 to 5, used to denote smokedensities than will the pictures of the Ringelmann charts. When a record of a smoking chimney is desired, numerousways are adopted for showing its behavior. For many records acolumn of the scale density numbers is sufficient, set of course op-posite the intervals of time
. Bulletin . e densities in the plate shown in Fig. 2. Many difficultiessurrounded the preparation and printing of such a plate and it isinserted with some misgivings. It is believed, however, that ifit should prove successful it will give some readers a better ideaof the value of the scale numbers 1 to 5, used to denote smokedensities than will the pictures of the Ringelmann charts. When a record of a smoking chimney is desired, numerousways are adopted for showing its behavior. For many records acolumn of the scale density numbers is sufficient, set of course op-posite the intervals of time which are deemed short enough forthe purpose for which the observations are taken. Where manyrecords must be taken the work may be facilitated by using someof the simple mechanical devices which have been perfected forthis purpose. These usually consist of a drum rotated by clock-work, and a marking pen movable by hand leaving a record on 14 ILLINOIS ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION I No. 1. 3££ mil Tr No. No. 3. No. 4 Fig. 1 The Ringelmann Scale for Grading the Density of Smoke BRECKENRIDGE—HOW TO BURN ILLINOIS COAL WITHOUT SMOKE 15 suitable paper that has been wrapped on the drum. The form ofsmoke chart record adopted in the work of the Engineering Ex-periment Station is shown in Pig. 3. This form needs little ex-planation. The scale density numbers are those at the left of thesectioned plates ard these densities are approximately shown atthe top under their respective numbers. It is intended that thetime scale shall be chosen and placed along the zero horizontallines. This time scale will vary according to the character of thetests being made. Graphic charts are for many purposes muchpreferable to any other scheme for exhibiting the continuous op-eration of chimneys supposed or claimed to be smokeless, andthey are particularly useful when comparing several stacks forthe same interval of time, or when changes made in a setting arebeing studied. Furnaces and Boiler Setti
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectenginee, bookyear1904
