. Radiography, X-ray therapeutics and radium therapy . is impossible to recordupon a plate. But radiographs which are taken instantaneously are ofgreat value as confirmatory evidence of changes in the organs, and shouldalways be taken to complete the examination. The importance of havinga thoroughly reliable fluorescentscreen must be borne in is also essential that the screenbe smooth on the surface, andkept scrupulously clean. Thelead glass protection should alsobe kept well polished, for even atrace of dirt or pencil mark on itssurface may lead to trouble, theimportance of this point
. Radiography, X-ray therapeutics and radium therapy . is impossible to recordupon a plate. But radiographs which are taken instantaneously are ofgreat value as confirmatory evidence of changes in the organs, and shouldalways be taken to complete the examination. The importance of havinga thoroughly reliable fluorescentscreen must be borne in is also essential that the screenbe smooth on the surface, andkept scrupulously clean. Thelead glass protection should alsobe kept well polished, for even atrace of dirt or pencil mark on itssurface may lead to trouble, theimportance of this point beingreadily understood where finedetail is being dealt with. It is also of importance tohave the patient perfectly when radiography isemployed, since the slightestmovement during the exposuremay ruin the value of a screening stand should be connected to earth by a wire, in order toavoid giving the patient a shock from the electrical discharges which aregiven off from the tube and metal fittings when the former gets FlG. 155.—Normal lower cervical and upper dorsalvertebra;, showing the position for demonstrationof cervical ribs. The apical part of both lungs isalso well shown. Radiography In radiography of the lungs for diagnostic purposes it is necessary touse a soft tube in order to obtain the best results. It is detail in lungs andnot in bone that we look for. A soft tube of about 3-inch spark-gap willallow a large quantity of current to pass through it, and will give very gooddetail in the soft parts. Time exposures of any length are of no great value for diagnosis ; ifwe are to get plates which will to any extent reproduce what we have seenon the screen, the exposure must be exceedingly short; in fact, the shortestobtainable is the best. With a powerful modern installation the exposure 192 RADIOGRAPHY may be cut down to TJ„ of a second. The resulting picture is of greatvalue, because everything is absolutely sharp, the heart being rep
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