Elements of animal physiology, chiefly human . branches of the pneumogastric^ or tentli pair ofnerves, which come directly from the brain. These latterexert an inhibitory influence on it, probably stopping itsaction, as in certain cases of death from fright. 201. The Arteries (from Gr. aer, air; and tereo, Ikeep) are the blood-vessels by which the blood is carriedout from the heart, and distributed to the lungs and tothe rest of the system. As the larger part of the bloodcontained in the arteries consists of pure, oxidized,scarlet blood, intended to nourish and vivify the generaltissues of the
Elements of animal physiology, chiefly human . branches of the pneumogastric^ or tentli pair ofnerves, which come directly from the brain. These latterexert an inhibitory influence on it, probably stopping itsaction, as in certain cases of death from fright. 201. The Arteries (from Gr. aer, air; and tereo, Ikeep) are the blood-vessels by which the blood is carriedout from the heart, and distributed to the lungs and tothe rest of the system. As the larger part of the bloodcontained in the arteries consists of pure, oxidized,scarlet blood, intended to nourish and vivify the generaltissues of the system, it is generally termed arterialblood. The pidinonary arteries, on the contrary, con-tain venous (dark-coloured) blood, which they convey THE ARTERIES. 99 to and distribute through the vessels of the lungs, forthe purpose of purification. The arteries commence in one large vessel, the aorta(see figs. 40,42, and 46), which divides and subdivides into Vertebral Ai tFnl, Art J tiuUtii! Ailei-y TciMi^or;il Artery. Ciuotkl remoral Artery. Anterior TibialArtery. - Tarsal Artery. Fig. -iO. Sliowing Arieli:d System of Man, ^ a large number of branches, which become, like those ofa tree, more and more minute as they proceed farther 100 ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY. from the trunk, until they ultimately terminate in tliecapillaries. 202. The arteries derived their name from the fact oftheir having been supposed by the ancients to containair, being generally found empty after death. 203. The chief arteries are the aorta, or systemic ar-tery; the innominate arteries, which send off the carotidarteries to the head, and the subclavian, which supplythe axillary, the hrachial, the ulnar, the radial, thelialmar, and the digital arteries with blood; the iliacarteries (external and internal); the femoral arteries,which supply blood to the lower limbs; the mesentericand renal arteries; and the coeliac axis, which gives offthe gastric, hepatic, and splenic arteries. (See fig. 46.) Th
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