. The dawn of civilization: Egypt and Chaldaea . e cuneiform character, have suffered severely at the handsof his abbreviators, who omitted the majority of the names which seemedto them very barbarous in form, while those who copied these abbreviatedlists have made such further havoc with them that they are now for the mostpart unintelligible. Modern criticism has frequently attempted to restore2 1 Drawn by Faucher-Gudin, from a Chaldaean intaglio in the British Museum (Smitii, CltaldseanAccount of the Deluge, frontispiece ; cf. Lajaed, Introd. à létude du culte public et des mystères deMithra
. The dawn of civilization: Egypt and Chaldaea . e cuneiform character, have suffered severely at the handsof his abbreviators, who omitted the majority of the names which seemedto them very barbarous in form, while those who copied these abbreviatedlists have made such further havoc with them that they are now for the mostpart unintelligible. Modern criticism has frequently attempted to restore2 1 Drawn by Faucher-Gudin, from a Chaldaean intaglio in the British Museum (Smitii, CltaldseanAccount of the Deluge, frontispiece ; cf. Lajaed, Introd. à létude du culte public et des mystères deMithra en Orient et Occident, pl. xix. G). The original measures about If inch in height. 2 This is the restoration which was first put forward by A. de Gutschmid (Zu den Fragmentendes Berosos und Etesias, in the Rheinisches Museum, vol. viii., 1853, p. 256 ; cf. Kleine Schriften, vol. 101, 102, reproduced with some corrections in the Beitriige zar Geschichte des Alten Orients,pp. 1S-21, and in the Neue Beitrage, pp. S2, et seq., 115, 116).. GILGAMES STRUGGLES WITH \ 592 ANCIENT CE ALB M A. them, with varying results; the reconstruction here given, which passes forthe most probable, is not equally certain in all its parts :—Ist Dynasty : 86 Chaldaeans, 34,091 yearsIInd „ 8 Medes, 224 „ 2450-2226 IIIrd „ 11 Chaldaeans, 248 „ 2225-1977 „ IVth „ 49 Chaldaeans, 458 „ 1977-1519 „ Vth „ 9 Arabians, 245 „ 1518-1273 „ VIth „ 45 Chaldaaans,1 526 „ 1273-747 „ VIIth „ 8 Assyrians, 121 „ 746-625 „ VIIIth „ 6Chalda3ans, 87 „ 625-538 „ It was not without reason that Berossus and his authorities had put the sumtotal of reigns at thirty-six thousand years ; this number falls in with a certainastrological period, during which the gods had granted to the Chaldaeans glory,prosperity, and independence, and whose termination coincided with the captureof Babylon by Others before them had employed the same artifice, butthey reckoned te
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