. Fruits, vegetables and flowers, a non-technical manual for their culture. nd. Tillage should start with the preparation of the land for ])lanting andIx done yearly while the i>lants remain profitable. The advantage of thisis that the roots are encouragecl to g<» de U>gun as earlyas the land can Iw worked and continue until the twigs have reached th(>irfull length about midsunuuer. iiitween mid and late sunmier, tillage PRINCIPLES OF FRUIT PRODUCTION 77 should stop to give trees or shrubs a chance to ripen their growth to with-stand the winter. Unless this is done, growth may cont
. Fruits, vegetables and flowers, a non-technical manual for their culture. nd. Tillage should start with the preparation of the land for ])lanting andIx done yearly while the i>lants remain profitable. The advantage of thisis that the roots are encouragecl to g<» de U>gun as earlyas the land can Iw worked and continue until the twigs have reached th(>irfull length about midsunuuer. iiitween mid and late sunmier, tillage PRINCIPLES OF FRUIT PRODUCTION 77 should stop to give trees or shrubs a chance to ripen their growth to with-stand the winter. Unless this is done, growth may continue too late in thefall, and the plants suffer during winter in consequence. Fertilizing.—While it may be true that land which will grow any farmcrops will grow fruit without manuring, yet most money is made from fruitcrops fed to get higher quality, larger size, better color and the other pointsthat make for higher prices. How much and what kind to apply will depend. Picking Apples in the Rogue River Valley, upon the character of the soil, the kind of crop and so on. Many farmersand fruit growers put the question to the land itself by trying experimentswith various combinations of fertihzers until they find out the one bestsuited to the desired end. In general, it must be remembered that nitro-genous plant-food tends to be lost by seepage and also to produce woodrather than fruit; hence, it must be handled with greater caution thaneither potash or phosphoric acid, neither of which is lost to any seriousextent from the soil; nor does either jeopardize the ability of the plants towithstand winter injury. 1 Courtesy of Portland Commercial Club, Portland, Oregon. 78 SUCCESSFUL FARMING Thinning is stemlily RiiininR popularity in the East, mainly l>ccaust ittends to i)rocluce larger, finer six>cimens, to make the trees more hardy andto establish regular annual hearing. Even the liaklwin apple, perhaj)s themost notorious biennial cropjxr,
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