. Ports and terminal facilities . yor Co.) Fig. 52.—Side-port transfer by means of portable conveyor. amount of cargo transferred between ship and wharf during theyear. Each succeeding method involves greater capital invest- CARGO TRANSFER AND HANDLING 153 merit in wharf equipment. Unless the volume of freight handledis increased, the interest and amortization of the increased in-vestment will not be met by the saving accomplished. I. Ships Tackle.—All steamers other than tankers carrj-- theirown unloading machinery. Between the two forward hatchesis a short stout mass with several movable boo
. Ports and terminal facilities . yor Co.) Fig. 52.—Side-port transfer by means of portable conveyor. amount of cargo transferred between ship and wharf during theyear. Each succeeding method involves greater capital invest- CARGO TRANSFER AND HANDLING 153 merit in wharf equipment. Unless the volume of freight handledis increased, the interest and amortization of the increased in-vestment will not be met by the saving accomplished. I. Ships Tackle.—All steamers other than tankers carrj-- theirown unloading machinery. Between the two forward hatchesis a short stout mass with several movable booms and anotherbetween the after hatches. The modern freighter has as many asten booms to a mast. Together with donkey engine and tackle,loads of a ton or more may be handled by each boom and cost of transferring freight by this tackle is not large, notover six cents to seven cents a ton on the average. This includesplacing the cargo in the sling, lifting it out of the hold, anddepositing it on the wharf or Fig. 53.—Two decked municipal piers at Philadelphia showing cargo pleasing architectural treatment is a worthy example that the waterfront of acommercial port may be orderly and artistic as well as efficient. II. Cargo Mast.—The American machineless unloading maybe defective, but there is no room on a narrow pier for cargo mast is a successful compromise. On the pier edge,masts carrying a girder at a height of 75 feet to 80 feet above lowwater extend along the waters edge. A block and tackle with aline from a drum hoist on the pier to the hook is burtoned to thisgirder. A ships boom and hoist also operate another line to thesame hook, thus both ships tackle and pier tackle work are three movements. The load in the hold is attached 154 PORTS AND TERMINALS to the hook, (1) the ships winch raises the load, (2) the pierwinch then starts to pull and the ships hoist lets go, (3) the pierhoist then lowers the load. The
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