. Engineering and Contracting. ons. In the disintegra-tion of the rocks, the minerals have beenbroken down into mineral salts which haveremained in the soil as soluble salts. Therainfall and the drainage of the region areinsufficient to carry these salts out of thesoil through the subsoils and eventually intothe streams and rivers, as is the case in themore humid regions. A good many, if not all, of the projects ofthe Reclamation Service are located in alkaliregions, and, thus far, the attention of theengineers has been directed to the failure ofconcrete structures on only two of theseprojects
. Engineering and Contracting. ons. In the disintegra-tion of the rocks, the minerals have beenbroken down into mineral salts which haveremained in the soil as soluble salts. Therainfall and the drainage of the region areinsufficient to carry these salts out of thesoil through the subsoils and eventually intothe streams and rivers, as is the case in themore humid regions. A good many, if not all, of the projects ofthe Reclamation Service are located in alkaliregions, and, thus far, the attention of theengineers has been directed to the failure ofconcrete structures on only two of theseprojects—one in Montana and one inWjoming. These failures may indicate somespecial peculiarity of the local soil, and maybe somewhat similar to the well-known factthat the action of sea water has been de-structive to concrete in certain localities andnot in others. The Service has started an investigation,which is still continuing, and the chemistsreport has not yet been published, but Mr. reinforvingroc/sm corners sfrrion tn sffchh. Washer andiVinff Ml// . Form /oife r^movec/ofMr concre-f-e has se/ Concrete Monument for Marking Bound-aries. Jcwett. the cement expert of the Service, ina paper before the .\merican Society forTesting Materials, set forth som? of theconditions, as will be shown by tlie followingextracts: On the Sun River project • • • its effecthas been seen in the disintegration of a numberof small structures, such as pipe culverts, whichare in the small streamscarrying the drainage of the surrounding coun-try. The effect of this water in causing thedisintegration of the concrete is noticed, bothin the softening of the material where constant-ly submerged for a period of three or fourmonths, and also more particularly in the break-ing up of the structure at the line where thewater rises and falls, or. in other words, wherethere is a submersion followed by a drying by another submersion, etc. Thisprocess brings about a breaking
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