. A brief history of the United States . years in Congress, he declined a re-election and waschosen governor of Tennessee. His Presidential nomination, in connection withthat of George M. Dallas of Pennsylvania, as Vice-President, had the effect of unitingthe democratic party, which had been disturbed by dissensions between the friendsand opponents of Martin Van Buren. The Mexican war, which was strongly opposedin many States, the enactment of a tariff based on a revenue principle instead of aprotective one, and the agitation caused by the Wilmot proviso (see p. 190), allconspired to affect hi


. A brief history of the United States . years in Congress, he declined a re-election and waschosen governor of Tennessee. His Presidential nomination, in connection withthat of George M. Dallas of Pennsylvania, as Vice-President, had the effect of unitingthe democratic party, which had been disturbed by dissensions between the friendsand opponents of Martin Van Buren. The Mexican war, which was strongly opposedin many States, the enactment of a tariff based on a revenue principle instead of aprotective one, and the agitation caused by the Wilmot proviso (see p. 190), allconspired to affect his popularity before the end of his term. He had, however, pre-viously pledged himself not to be a candidate for re-election. He died about threemonths after his retirement from office. 186 EPOCH IV. [1846. Invasion af Mexico.—Capture of Monterey {^Q^i. 24).—General Taylor, with about six thousand men, advanced uponMonterey (mon-til-ra). This city, surrounded by mountainsand almost impassable ravines, was strongly fortified, and its. BATTLE OF RESACA DE LA PALMA. streets were barricaded and defended by a garrison of tenthousand men. A grand assault was made on the city. Toavoid the deadly fire from the windows, roofs, and barri-cades, the troops entered the buildings and dug their waythrough the stone walls from house to house, or passed fromroof to roof. They came at last within one square of theGrand Plaza, when the city was surrendered. The garrisonwas allowed to march out with the honors of war. Battle of Buena Vista (bwa-nah vees-tah) (February 23,1847).—Santa Anna, the Mexican general, learning that the 1847] THE MEXICAN WAR. 187 flower of Taylors command had been withdrawn to aidGeneral Scott, determined to crush the remainder. The littleAmerican army took post at Buena Vista, a narrow mountainpass with hills on one side and a ravine on the other.* Herethey were attacked by Santa Anna with twenty thousand ofthe best troops of Mexico. The battle lasted from earlymorn


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