. History of the American Civil War . ts command. Pie was to assist the expedition,and hold New Orleans after it was taken. On the 25thof February, 1862, Butler sailed from Hampton had already (February 20th) reached Shij) Isl-and, in Mississij^pi Sound. The Mississipjoi River, continuing the work in which itTopography of the ^as bccu engaged for many thousand years,Mississippi, .g g^g^(j^]y encroaching on the waters of the Gulf Its long watery arm, gauntleted in swamps andmud, spreads out, as it were, into a grasping hand, of whichthe fingers are the Pass a IOutre, Northeast Pa
. History of the American Civil War . ts command. Pie was to assist the expedition,and hold New Orleans after it was taken. On the 25thof February, 1862, Butler sailed from Hampton had already (February 20th) reached Shij) Isl-and, in Mississij^pi Sound. The Mississipjoi River, continuing the work in which itTopography of the ^as bccu engaged for many thousand years,Mississippi, .g g^g^(j^]y encroaching on the waters of the Gulf Its long watery arm, gauntleted in swamps andmud, spreads out, as it were, into a grasping hand, of whichthe fingers are the Pass a IOutre, Northeast Pass, South-east Pass, South Pass, Southwest Pass. At a bend aboutthirty miles up, where the river flows eastwardly, theUnited States had formerly built two powerful Jackson on the south bank, and Fort St. Philip onand defenses of New t^® noith. Thcsc barrcd thc approach toOrleans. ^-^^ ^j^^ froui tlic Gulf, aud had been armed by the Confederates with 126 guns of long range and large Chap. LII.] DEFENSES OF NEW ORLEANS. 329. ^/«sissi^ THE MISSISSIPPI BELOW NEW ORLEANS. calibre. At this point, too, a cLain had been stretchedacross the river; it was sustained upon eight hulks, theintervals between them permitting driftwood to each hulk a spar trailed astern, so that boats couldnot easily pass from one to another. A fleet of thirteenarmed steamers, the steam-battery Louisiana, of sixteenguns, and the ram Manassas, constituted the chief defenseafloat; but, in addition, several rafts and fire-ships hadbeen provided. Lovell had applied to the governor ofthe state for a re-enforcement of 10,000 men, but it wasfound impossible to spare him more than 3000 in addi-tion to those he had, so many having been sent to thearmies in the Border States. On the 8th of April the national fleet, consisting of foursloops of war, seventeen gun-boats, twenty-one bomb- 330 FAKRAGUTS PLAN OF ATTACK. [Sect. X. scliooDcrs, ami two sailing-vessels, but Laving no iron-clads, had, after g
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