Mental development in the child and the race, methods and processes; . ate —the end in view—and the feeling of , then, in persistent imitation we have, thus briefly put, 356 The Origin of Volition the necessary elements of the voluntary psychosis for the firsttime clearly present. The reason that in imitation the material for volition isfound is seen to be that here the circular process, alreadydescribed, maintains itself in a conscious way through thepicturing of sights, sounds, etc. In reactions which are notconsciously imitative, for example an ordinary pain-move-ment reaction, t
Mental development in the child and the race, methods and processes; . ate —the end in view—and the feeling of , then, in persistent imitation we have, thus briefly put, 356 The Origin of Volition the necessary elements of the voluntary psychosis for the firsttime clearly present. The reason that in imitation the material for volition isfound is seen to be that here the circular process, alreadydescribed, maintains itself in a conscious way through thepicturing of sights, sounds, etc. In reactions which are notconsciously imitative, for example an ordinary pain-move-ment reaction, this circular process, whereby the result of thefirst movement becomes itself a stimulus to the second, etc.,is not brought about; or, if it do arise, it consists simply in arepetition of the same motor event fixed by association — asthe repetition of the ma sound so common with very younginfants. Consciousness remains monoiideistic. But in per-sistent imitation, the reaction performed comes in by eyeor ear as a new and different stimulus (see Fig. XIII.); here. Fig. XIII.—Simple Imitation, v, v = Visual Seat ; mp— Motor Seat;mt — Muscle moved ; mc = Muscle-sense Seat ; A = Copy imitated ;B= Imitation made. The two Processes » and d flow togetherin the Old Channel v, mp, fixed by Association, and the Reac-tion is repeated without Change or Effort. is the state of motor polyideism necessary for the rise of thefeeling of effort. The motor process must be reduced by co-ordination to a reaction which will reproduce the copy, and at Rise of Volition in the Child 357 the same time employ, with least modification, the channels ofdischarge already fixed by the association between presenta-tion and movement. From this and the other lines of evidence given below,we are able to see more clearly the conditions under whicheffort arises. It seems clear that (1) the muscular sen-sations arising from a suggestive reaction do not presentall the conditions; in young children, just as
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